農業硏究에서의 線型計劃의 應用과 制約性 = Problems and Constraints in Applying Linear Programming to Study of Agriculture

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This article aimed to deal with the problems and constraints of the linear programming(L.P); a representative tool of the operation research, when it was applied to the study of Korean farm and nutrition. So, this study is mainly concerned to the research technique on L.P.
1. The problems the researcher faced in planning the farm and dealing with the nation's nutrition with L.P model were as follows,
1-1. L.P. assume that each enterprise involved in planning is independent from the others and so has no relationships of complementary or supplementary among them. How should the researcher organize the enterprises that are comlementary or supplementary each other?
1-2. How the researcher has to set the future prices of the products to be produced?
1-3. How to adjust a number of various livestocks and amount of crops in a single simplex table, whose units; head, Metric Ton, vary from the one to the another.
1-4. Are the restrictions for money to be set by each season or by each month, if the money income is raised monthly from the sale of farm products.
1-5. In planning the grass-land to find out the reasonable kind of feed grass which will supply the largest amount of T.D.N and D.C.P involved in feed grass in a hectare, how should be include T.D.N and D.C.P in one activity?
1-6. How many types of crop system are to be included in planning to find out the most profitable crop system year after year during a few years? Since number of their types should be controlled in the multi-stage planning as their number will amount too many types if they were simply mathematically combined.
1-7. We normally distribute all kinds of foods into ten groups in dealing with the food consumption pattern; for example, rice, barley, meat, fruits, vegetables and so on. And the consumers will be able to save down their food expenditure by changing their consumption pattern with the L.P. analysis in taking the same level of calories and nutritions from each group of food without the L.P. analysis. How should the researcher weigh the weight of various food included in each group, when he were needed with the weighted average price of each group?
Those seven above mentioned were the problems raised by the writer during his studies on the adaptation of L.P. technique in planning the farm and the food consumption pattern.
2. Some measures that the writer attempted in the empirical case study are as follows:
2-1. To be a help to the deficiency of L.P. model; independency of each enterprise, the writer designed (a) an another plan different from the original one or (b) fixed the amount of intermediate products of the subordinate enterprise in case of complementary or supplementary between two enterprises.
2-2. the writer used an average price during the recent few years period in setting up the future prices of the farm products, because the prices of farm products fluctuated very much up and down year after year.
2-3. In planning an each activity included in the livestocks, the rate of conversion among livestocks used in the U.S. Department of Agriculture; for example one cow=3.7 pig=384 broiler, were taken account.
2-4. In planning to find out the more advantageous feed grass in farm, the product of TDN multiplied by DCP were substituted to the net price of each grass, because the grass in the farm is not to be sold but to be fed to the cattle.
2-5. Several conventional crop system practised by the regional farmers were included in selecting several crop system to be planned in the simplex table instead of number of systems that would simply be mathematically combined.
2-6. In dealing with the nutrition for the people, an average price of the grouped foods has been estimated by using the value of weight of each food item which was set by the Korean Bank.
Those six measures were the approach tried by the writer in adapting L.P. model in analysing the farm and nutrition problems.
However, the essential prerequisites that are very important to the researcher trying to adapt L.P. model to the agricultural problem solving were reaffirmed as follows; (a) the positive aim of researcher, (b) the correct understanding of the model to be used, (c) a good knowledge about the biological and economical efficiency for the agriculture as well as the systems of crop and animal production, (d) the researcher's procurement of the reliable correct data.