KCI등재
Nathaniel Hawthorne 의 Robin 과 Flannery O`Connor 의 Francis Marion Tarwater 의 비교 및 대조 = The Comparison and Contrast of Nathaniel Hawthorne`s Robin and Flannery O`Connor`s Francis Marion Tarwater
저자
홍명혜 (서경대)
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
1995
작성언어
Korean
KDC
843.000
등재정보
KCI등재
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
63-85(23쪽)
제공처
A modern American writer, Flannery O'Connor once said that one of her literary ancestors is Nathaniel Hawthorne. Indeed, The Violent Bear It Away, O'Connor's short novel, and My Kinsman, Manor Molineux,$quot; Hawthorne's short story, show same interesting similarities. Each story is an initiation story in which a teen-age boy is presented as its hero. These two boys, Hawthorne's Robin and O'Connor's Francis Marion Tarwater, show some conspicuous similarities. However, closer examination of the two boys reveals some significant differences on deeper level. The Comparison and Contrast of these two boys will help readers to understand the affinities and differences between the two great American writers.
Both Robin and Tarwater are innocent country boys at the beginning of each story. However, Robin is far more fortunate than Tarwater in family background. Robin has been raised in a respectable family: he has been taken good care of and much loved by his parents, brothers and sisters, In contrast, Tarwater has been raised in poverty and isolation by his eccentric, fanatical Great Uncle, Mason Tarwater. He was kidnapped as a baby by Mason Tarwater after his mother was killed in a traffic accident and his father committed suicide in despair. Tarwater has been denied even the opportunities of school education. Moreover, Mason Tarwater would insult the boy's dead parents and Rayber, the boy's uncle, when referring to them. So, it is not surprising that Tarwater shows emotional unstability and rebellious spirit:
Robin and Tarwater go to a strange city with the same aim - to visit their kins, father-figures for them. The boys have similiar experiences in their encounter with their kins: they become disillusioned or shocked, and they give up their hope of depending on their kins to rise in the world. However, the emphasis placed on Major Molineux (Robin's kin) cannot be compared with that placed on Rayber (Tarwater's uncle). Major Molineux appears only once in the story - in the climactic confrontation scene in front of the church near the end of the story. In good contrast, nearly half of the whole story is alloted for describing Rayber or his thought. This fact implies that Rayber is one of the very important characters in O'Connor's novel. In fact, Rayber as well as Mason Tarwater and Bishop is a double figure of Francis Marion Tarwater.
Robin and Tarwater are also similiar in that each meets $quot;strangers$quot; in a strange city. These strangers are evil figures. However. the most sinister strangers show some differences. In Robin's case, all the strangers, so-called devil figures, are embodied in other human beings. But in Tarwater's case, the most sinister stranger appears as $quot;'the voice$quot; lurking in his consciousness. This voice continues to tempt him to revolt against Mason Tarwater's orders and to drown Bishop to evade his lot as a chosen prophet. Nevertheless, Tarwater suceeds in destroying this stranger by building a wall of fire between the stranger and himself Nathaniel Hawthorne Robin. Flannery O'Connor near the end of the novel.
One more important similarity between Robin and Tarwater is that they see $quot;vision.$quot; But the nature of Robin's vision is not the same as that of Tarwater's. Robin$quot;s vision is based on his past life in his home town, yet his vision does not help him to decide his future. In Tarwater's case, visions appear several times and in divers forms. For example, $quot;the stranger$quot; appears many times in his vision. Even after Bishop's death, Tarwater looks at the stranger's violet eyes and Bishop's grey eyes in vision. But the most significant vision for Tarwater is the evangelical vision he has after he learns that Mason Tarwater had a decent Christian burial thanks to Buford. This vision, unrelated with any of Tarwater's past experiences, exerts tremendous influence on Tarwater in deciding his future, He humbly accepts a thorny life as a self-appointed prophet and returns to the dark city to warn $quot;the children of God of the terrible speed of mercy.$quot;
Both Hawthorne's story and O'Connor's novel present young, innocent country boys who make nightmarish journeys into strange cities. However, Tarwater appears far more tragic than Robin. Tarwater is more forlorn. his ordeals are more schocking; his sins are more horrible. and his furture prospect is bleaker. At any rate, The Violent Bear It Away shows that O'Connor shows affinity with Hawthorne in her interest in human redemption by Christ, in her awareness of evil in the human heart, and in her sympathy with the sinners,
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