The Effect of Hyaluronic Acid on Full Thickness Defect of Articular Cartilage in Rabbit Knee
저자
Kim, Yong Beum (Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Catholic University Medical College) ; Woo, Young Kyun (Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Catholic University Medical College)
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
1996
작성언어
English
주제어
KDC
510.000
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
160-169(10쪽)
제공처
소장기관
The hyaluronic acid, a high molecular weight glycoprotein ubiquitous in connective tissues, has protective functions as it plays role in the aggregation for proteoglycan, keeps synovial fluid viscoelasticity for lubrication, absorbs stress on cartilage, and protects articular cartilage surface layer. Recently scarless healing effect of hyaluronic acid on tissue has been also noted. The purpose of this study is to observe the hyaluronic acid effect on full thickness defected articular cartilage of rabbit kness. All experimental animals were subjected to operation to create full thickness defect at their distal femoral condyles. The experimental 48 animals were divided into 4 groups containing 12 animals in each. In group Ⅰ, 5mm diameter full thickness defect was created at their distal femoral condyle articular surface and left empty. In group Ⅱ, the same defect was created and grafted with autogenous perichondrium from the right costal cartilage. In group Ⅲ, the knee was injected with hyaluronic acid every week after creating same defect until the time of their sacrifice. In group Ⅳ, the same defect was created and grafted with perichondrium from the autogenous costal cartilage and hyaluronic acid was injected every week until the time of their sacrifice. Gross, histologic, histochemical, transmission electron microscopic and scanning electron microscopic observations were done for 12 weeks.
The results were as follows;
1. Grossly at the 12th week, in group Ⅰ, the repaired tissue was rough and its margin was irregular but distinguishable from the adjacent normal cartilage. In group Ⅱ, the grafted tissue was well taken with even surface but margin was distinguishable from the adjacent normal cartilage. In group Ⅲ, the reparative tissue surface was regular and margin was smooth. In group Ⅳ, the grafted tissue was well integrated with smooth surface and its margin was undistinguishable from neighboring tissue.
2. Histologically, in group Ⅰ, fibrinoid arcade and red blood cells appeared in the defect site at the 4th week. The spindle shaped mesenchymal cell filled the cartilagenous defect as well as subchondral defect by the 8th week. At the 12th week, cartilagenous defect was filled mostly with fibroblast like cells. In group Ⅱ, grafted perichondria were integrated to surrounding tissue at the 8th week. And the defect was filled with tissue containing many chondrocytes at the 12th week. Group Ⅲ and Ⅳ showed almost complete healing of the articular cartilage by the 12th week.
3. Histochemical staining with safranin-O showed staining of matrix at the base of chondrocyte layer in group Ⅲ. In group Ⅳ, the whole layers of chondrocyte matrices were strongly stained.
4. Transmission electron microscope examination was carried out with 12 week samples. In group Ⅰ, the surface layer was irregular with disintegration of lamina splendes, and the arrangement of superficial and tangential layers of articular surface was also irregular. The underlying tissue contained spindle shape cells that resembled fibroblast. In group Ⅱ, the lamina splendes was absent, but underlying tissue contained normal appearing chondrocyte. In group Ⅲ and Ⅳ, preserved lamina splendes and regularly arranged collagen layer containing many chondrocytes were observed. And some chondrocytes at basal layer of repaired tissue exhibited well developed Golgi apparatus.
5. Scanning electron microscope was examined with tissue from the 12th week. In group Ⅰ, the regenerated tissue had rough surface with distinguishable margin, but it seemed well integrated. In group Ⅱ, the regenerated tissue was distinguished from the surrounding cartilage by a thin gap, and it had no lamina splendens with rough surface compared to normal articular cartilage. In group Ⅲ and Ⅳ, the margin was indistinguishable from normal cartilage and the surface was amooth and regular.
These results suggest that the hyaluronic acid may play an important role in regenerating cartilage in full thickness defect of the rabbit knee joint.
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