도덕판단(道德判斷)과 행동선택(行動選擇)의 관계(關系) = A Study on the Relationship between Moral Judgement and Action Choice
저자
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
1992
작성언어
Korean
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
123-158(36쪽)
제공처
1. Problems The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between moral judgement and action choice using the Defining Issues Test. This study aimed to answer the research problems as follows: In the case of the Korean, do the relationship between moral judgement and action choice, and the relationship between P score and U score show the similiarity with the results of Rest and Thoma`s (1984) study and Thoma(1985) study. (1) Is there any sufficient variability in the trend of action choice to the DIT dilemmas? (2) How does moral judgement relate to action choice of the DIT dilemas? (3) Whether is there a correlation between DIT items endorsement taken to reflect general structures of moral judgement and action choices to the 3 dilemmas of the DIT short form taken to represent the outcome of decision-making about these specific hypothetical dilemmas? (4) How does P score in the DIT related to the U score in the DIT? (5) Is there a significant difference in the level of U score according to the personal variables such as age, sex, and formal education level? Which of them can affect to the level of U score? (6) Will the P, U cross-product term significantly increase the predictabiltiy to the behavior measure(normal youth group VB. juvenile delinquents group)? 2. Method To testify the presented research problems, a total of 1335 subjects(674 males, 661 females) including 262 junior high school students(grade 8), 315 senior high school students(grade 11), 362 collegians(grade 14), and 396 adults(age ranged below 34 : 136, age ranged 35-44 : 120, age ranged 45-54 : 102, age ranged above 55 : 38) were sampled from the City of Seoul in Korea. The short form of the DIT(Heinz, Prisoner, Doctor) was administered to the subjects. Subjects` responses were analyzed by some appropriate statistical analysis method (i.e. t-test, Pearson`s ANOVA, Scheffe test, multiple regression analysis) by employing the SPSS computer program. 3. Results The main results and findings of this study can be summarized as follows: 1) The trend of subject`s in action choices on 3 dilemmas of the DIT short form showed between-subjects variability, This result supports the view of Rest and Thoma`s sutdy(1984). This also suggests that the further research to the action choice can be feasible. 2) It was found out that knowing a subject`s main considerations and the logical implication for action of these considerations could be a better way to predict action choice than using the usual moral judgement score(P score) of the DIT. On 23 items(63.9%) of the items, the rating of the two groups such as pro and con group were significantly different at the .05 level of significance. On 21 items (65.6%) of the 32 items (except 4 items measuring M item), the direction of the bias between pro and con group followed the item`s logical implication suggested by Rest and Thoma`s study(1984) and Thoma (1985) study. When the bias for each of the 36 items was correlated with the logical implication ratings, a somewhat highly significant correlation was obtained(r = .56, p = .001). The correlation between the bias of the Korean and that of the American reported by Thoma(1985) showed .61(p = .00). This result supports the view of Rest & Thoma(1984) that in the context of a particular siuation, if certain considerations are prioritized, then that usually constrains the subject to favor a particular course of action. 3) In the result of investigating the correlation between P score and U score designed by Thoma(1985: EPRT 3), little correlation was shown between the two scores(r = .04, NS). This result supports the view of Rest (1983), moral judgement is conceptually and oprationally distinct from other variables and processes. 4) The mean of the U score of the Korean was shown .149; junior high .128, senior high .163, collegians. 171, adults .131. The mean of U score by age were significantly different at the .01 level of significance(by one-way / ANOVA, F = 4.19 : p = .006). It was found out that in case of adults all of the personal variables such as age, sex, educational level could not affect to the U score. In case of junior high, senior high, and collegians, though age / education level variable was shown as a significant one in accounting for the variance in U score, only 1% of it could be accounted for by age / educaton level variable. 5) In the result of the multiple regression analysis of testify the assumption that P, U cross-product term significantly increase the predictability to the behavior measure (normal youth group vs. juvenile delinquents group), the original relationship between the dependent measure and DIT P score showed .208(p < .001), and the original relationship between the dependent measure and DIT U score showed -.041(NS). In the process of the last step in the multiple regression analysis, though the relationship between the dependent measure and DIT P, U cross-product term showed .046(NS), the Multiple R showed .224(p < .01).
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