This paper addressed the issue of motivation in foreign language learning in five main categories. First of all, the importance of motivation in language learning was stressed with a vivid example which could overcome unfavorable circumstances in other aspects of language learning. Secondly, a layman's or 'naive' view of the problem was introduced, and general psychological viewpoints on motivation were reviewed. Thirdly, earlier and contemporary views of specific motivation for language study were reviewed. Particularly, the work of Robert Gardner was analysed in detail. Fourthly, Gardner's work was critically evaluated and the major issues in the study of motivation were discussed. Finally, several attempts to relate the findings on individual differences in motivation to a wider educational framework were discussed with regards to further studies.