This study is to examine the change of status of islands through the analysis of place of exile. That is, it investigates the proportion of exile to the island among the whole places of exile and the shift of exile to the island and then explains the change of status of the islands. For the analysis, it extracts 5,860 articles related to exile from 「The History of the Chosun Dynasty: Chosun Wangjo Shilrok」. The period extracted is from the construction of Choson Dynasty to 1896 when banishment system was changed into prison term system from distance system. Banishment was divided into Exile 2 thousand ri, Exile 2.5 thousand ri and Exile 3 thousand ri according to the distance, and into confinement, detention and exile according to the gravity of the offense. Total 408 places were used for the place of exile. The places of exile were mainly distributed at coastal area, island and northern edges. The frequency of exile shows the similar distribution to the place of exile. Chollado shows the most frequent exiles, followed by Kyungsangdo. In the frequency of exiles by period, it exceeded 900 times in early Chosun Dynasty, but it was greatly reduced to 103 times in 1551-1600. But it was increased again to 1,018 times in 1751-1800. According to the features by the period shown in the change of frequency, first high frequency of 1751-1800 was because the central control was strengthened due to the political stability and the punishment system was strictly applied. Second, high frequency of 1392-1500 was because there were many exiles of the persons related to the former dynasty due to the establishment of a new dynasty and there was the War of Prince S. Third, the frequency of exile was reduced in the period of King Sun Jo and it is because the materials related were lost due to Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592. The exile to the island was designated by the nation. It was Cheju, Daejung, Jungeui, Jindo, Geojae and Namhae during the period of King Gwang Hae Gun. But, it was increased in late Choson Dynasty, that is, it included Gokumdo in King Hyun Jong, Gumkabdo, Nokdo, Heuksando, Gogunsando, Weedo and Baekryungdo during the period of King Suk Jong, Narodo, Sado, Shiniido, Jido and Chujado during the period of King Jung Jong, Yeodo in King Young Jo, Godolsan in King Jung Jo and Imjado during the period of King Sun Jong. The increase of the exile to the island was peak during the period of King Suk Jong. The exile to the island was distributed at the West Coast and South Coast and it was noticeable that newly added islands in late Choson Dynasty were all in Chollado. The reason of the increase of exile to the island in late Yi Dynasty was the increasing frequency of exile. Therefore the government substituted it with the island which has good conditions as the place of exile and then the number of exile to the island was increased greatly. But, there was a requirement for the selection of the exile to the island. First it should be controlled by government and has the economic ability responsible for the livelihood of the criminal. It means the island was changed into the place for accommodating the people.
KCI
DBpia
