韓醫學과 西洋醫學의 疾病觀에 대한 比較硏究 = The comparative study on a view of disease between the Oriental medicine and the Western medicine
저자
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
1998
작성언어
Korean
KDC
519.04
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
55-89(35쪽)
제공처
In the first step that medicine had became a study, a disease ment the pain that people suffered, in both the Oriental medicine(韓醫學) and the Western medicine. But the Oriental medicine and the Western medicine have typical opinion each other in the progress of sysytematizing the medicine. And, the reason that their cognition of the disease has been changed stems from the differences of view of the world, and the element of culture and society, which belongs to concerned scholars.
The ideology and theory of ancient chineses who are considered as a constructors of the Oriental medicine's basis are formed from the attitude to adjust and accept the changes in the nature according to senses they feel.
To adjust the nature, understanding of nature's rule was their priority.
'Yin-Yang and Five-phase theory(陰湯五行理論)' as systematized as a principle by recognizing nature's rule through those effects, and qi(氣) is appeared. which help everything exist as a perfect indivisual. And, they regarded continuously various changes of nature is due to the change of qi under the 'Yin-Yang and Five-phase theory'. For creature like a man is regarded as a change of qi, according to the rule of 'Yin-Yang and Five-phase theory', also the soul controling lives was regarded as temporary result revealed in the process of the change in qi's Yin-Yang and Five-phase(陰陽五行). that view of nature is established as a universal ethics to nature and human through a book, 'the Hwang-Ge-Nae-Kyung(黃帝內經)' and forms the basis theory of the Oriental medicine.
Early the Western medicine differs from present one. The 'Body fluid theory(體液學說)' of early the Western medicine, represented by Hippocrates and Galen, tried to get an answer to the physiology and pathology through the growth of body fluid.
In other words, it regards man's secretion or body wound or anatomy as a cause of disease and living as well. This body fluid correspond to the qi, considered as the origin of a life in the Oriental medicine, in that it is movable and unclear in each domain.
The similarity between qi and body fluid, movable and changable, is the main reason that the surgery has not developed within these two theories. But, though body fluid is something visible and is changable in condition of liquid, it doesn't have such features as qi that can variously change into solid, liquid, energy, soul, and so on.
So to speak, qi contains all imaginable features of objects in its conception. In contrast, body fluid is only a fluid that can control the physiological function.
The Oriental medicine regards the disease as disorder of qi, also body fluid pathology says that the disease is a disorder of body fluid. Thus, both has consistent opinion about disease in the point of disorder.
O.M.D(韓醫學者) thought the all disorder of mind and body, disorder between mind and body, even a change in nature were caused by the change of qi. But, because body fluid pathology couldn't explain that such organization as human, animal, and plant has a relationship with another objects. It could define a disease as a matter phenomenon like disorder of body fluid, but couldn't reach to find the consistency among the various objects in nature.
Since the Oriental medicine thought of disease as breakage of Yin-Yang balance(陰陽調和) in other words abnormal function. Four great doctor in Kum and Won dinasty(金元四大家) tried to understand feature of disease, which caused a disease, and pathogenesis by explaining sa-qi(邪氣 bad effect making body function disorder) and peculiarity of patient's body rather than disease itself.
Ha-Ghan(河間), who understood pathological mechanism through etiology itself, explained the process and feature of disease. In contrast Won-So(元素) and Dong-Won(東垣), who tried to understand the pecularity of disease through physiologycal mechanism tried to understand pathologycal mechanism between living energes, so to speake Wui-qi(胃氣), and 'yum-hwa(陰火)' which generates in abnormal function.
The the Western medicine faced the new wave from the late of 17C, and then in paris where often the new era of clinical medicine. Solid pathology generally came to the front of fluid pathology with Bichat insistance that disease is not invalance of body fluid but chance of original shape and quality in late 18C. In solid pathology disease is not regarded as abnormally quantative and functional condition but as change of original shape and quality. This view is based on Descartes and newton's 'machanic view of the world'(機械的世界觀), which converted the way of western thinking since 17C. and the feature of this view regards disease as an object itself, and separate disease from a patient. The disease degraded over different nature which has none relative with living creature.
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