KCI우수등재
러일전쟁의 역사화를 위한 제언: 러일전쟁 110주년을 상기하며 = Some Suggestions for Re-Historicizing the Russo-Japanese War: Recalling the 110th Anniversary of the Russo-Japanese War
저자
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
2014
작성언어
-주제어
KDC
900
등재정보
KCI우수등재
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
138-160(23쪽)
제공처
소장기관
In this study, I reconsidered historical discourses of the Russo-Japanese war in the context of global/transnational history. For this purpose, I investigated a possible link between the Russo-Japanese war and the Boundary problem. Its convergence and diffusion is very important to redefining the Russo-Japanese War in the global age. Therefore, I focused on the international affairs happening at Yalu Riverside before the war. These events were called the Yongampo incident, the Yalu Issue or the Yalu crisis. They led directly to the outbreak of the Russo-Japanese War, and eventually resulted in providing Japan with the opportunity not only to annex Korea but also to penetrate Manchuria. These would be perceived as important historical incidents on a scale similar to the Moroccan Crisis which eventually resulted in the advent of World War I. The Yalu Crisis can be perceived as the direct precursor of the crisis which eventually engulfed East Asia. This is the reason why the ‘Korean problem’ was important enough to result in the outbreak of the Russo-Japanese War - referred to as World War Zero. This is why the Yalu Crisis, which emerged on the Korean peninsula 110 years ago, should be re-historicized not only at the Korean history level but at the level of global history. To accomplish this re-historicization I focused on the background of the Yongampo Lease Treaty and the Yalu Crisis. These were linked to the Russo-Japanese negotiations (September 1903 to February 1904.)Next, they dealt with the multilateral diplomatic measures of the Korean Empire in the face of the crisis. Finally, in this regard, they tried to recast the diplomatic activities of the Korean Empire. In the face of the Yalu Crisis, the Korean Empire was ready to respond and take multilateral measures for preventing war and preserving peace. From August to October, the Korean Empire intensively took measures. These can be classified broadly into four actions: attempts to neutralize the Korean peninsula in wartime, attempts related to the Kyungui Railway concession, the initiative for opening the ports of the Yalu riverside, and attempts to renegotiate the Yongampo lease treaty and require a separate negotiation between Russia and Japan about the Yongampo affairs. These crises, once again, entered the New Phase. On October 8, 1903, the Treaty of Trade and Commerce was signed by the Unites States, Japan and China. It was revealed that the treaty was working in conjunction with an Anglo-Japanese alliance and the open door policy of United States. The opening of Andong and Mukden located in the Yalu area was a diplomatic shock and enough to irritate Russia. The opening of Manchuria was realized by the Treaty of Trade and Commerce. Then the remaining problem was that the Yalu Issue needed a resolution. Therefore, the Yalu problem was focused on the interests of Western powers and the Yalu River issues became international issues. Now tensions between the interested parties came to a peak. To cope with this situation, Korea as well as Japan and Russia immediately responded. On the other hand, reinterpreting the Russo-Japanese war from a new perspective is based on the concept of delocalization, and focused on the revelation of violence and illegality brought on by the Japanese invasion. It was responsible for historians to expose that the illegal violence and the military invasion of Japan had been committed with the connivance of the powers. There are cases in the Portsmouth Conference that show: Japanese military occupation of the Korean peninsula before the war, the planned occupation of Dokdo by Japan during the war, Gando after the War, and Japanese occupation on Sakhalin. These works can be interpreted from the extended time concept from the Sino-Japanese War to World War I or further to the Korean War. By doing so, we can view individual events in the context of long-term history. Any researcher interested in making the Russo-Japanese war history globalized and transnationalized should first know that our historical experiences of the war hold more impact on the past than they do in the present. In addition, he/she also needs to focus on how to reinterpret the illegality of Japanese military activities that controlled Northeast Asia in the age of Imperialism. With these historical discourses in mind it is important for a researcher to infer, compare, seek relationships, find patterns, and go beyond national history. This is how we can be free from our ethnocentric historical ideas and seek creative and reflexive alternative solutions as we move forward to a better future.
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