해외파병 결정에 관한 경험적 연구 : 전문가 집단의 의식을 중심으로 = (An) Empirical Study on Overseas Deployment of Korean Armed Forces : Emphasis on Professional Group's Consciousness
저자
발행사항
청주 : 충북대학교, 2009
학위논문사항
학위논문(박사)-- 충북대학교 대학원 : 정치외교학과 국제관계전공 2009. 2
발행연도
2009
작성언어
한국어
KDC
349.11 판사항(4)
발행국(도시)
충청북도
형태사항
xiv, 195 p. : 삽도 ; 26 cm
소장기관
Based on total 839 incumbent and former professionals, who stand for respective worlds and classes (e.g. academic world, public and academic research organizations, governmental administrative agencies, the National Assembly and legislative organizations, and other organizations related to military, press and public relations), have ever exerted leverage in the decision-making process for overseas deployment of the Korean armed forces (here in after ‘KAF’) and participated in such the decision-making process, this study deals with profiling and analyzing their opinions about the overseas deployment of the KAF.
For analysis of professional opinions, this study adopted cross tabulation analysis among variables, associated with each humanist factor, and performed t-test analysis on potential differences in several factors (e.g. the reason of overseas deployment of the KAF, the potential national benefits of such military deployment and prerequisite considerations for such military deployment) which is associated with overseas deployment of the KAF between experienced and unexperienced group in overseas deployment of the KAF. In this study, the extent of our professionals' perception or emotion was measured using Likert 7-point scale, and potential variables were reorganized into several factors whose subordinary variables were used to record those factors as numerical data that are easy to average.
The socio-demographic characteristics of professionals who answered to the survey hereof can be outlined as follows: For age distribution, it was found that 40's group comprised the highest percentage (35%) of total 839 respondents, which was followed by 50's group (32%), 60's group (30%) and 70's or older group (3.0%, 25 persons) respectively. For academic achievements, it was found that master degree group comprised the highest percentage (44%, 366 persons) of total 839 respondents, which was followed by bachelor degree group (32%, 270 persons) and doctoral or higher degree group (23%, 189 persons). Contrary to other general studies, the respondents of this study are based on highly educated persons.
For military service career of respondents herein, it was found that military officer group (retired from military service as the rank of commissioned officer like generals and field officer) comprised the highest percentage (51%) of total 839 respondents, which was followed by private soldier group (36%; including respondents who retired from noncommissioned officers). Overall, our respondents had practical experiences enough to give opinions about overseas deployment of the KAF, or had sufficient knowledge about related matters. They could contribute to coming crucial conclusions for obtaining appropriate solutions.
On the other hand, it was found that 66% (555 persons) of total 839 respondents had ever participated directly or indirectly in overseas deployment of the KAF. Because it was estimated that the findings from those respondents would be helpful in the decision-making process of Korean government for overseas deployment of the KAF, this study made considerable efforts to make further analysis on even detailed issues associated with them as possible.
For a question about possible top critical factors on overseas mobilization policy, it was found that most respondents (43.5%) selected national interests, which was followed by Korea-USA alliance (22.5%), international relations(21.0%), duties of international society (5.8%), enhancement of national prestige (3.8%), a pile of warfare experiences (1.9 %), UN resolutions (1.2%) and South-North relations (0.2%, 2 persons) respectively. That is, it is found that our respondents place national interests and Korea-USA alliance relationships in the top and secondary priority.
For a question about most critical opinion source for decision to deploy the KAF overseas, it was found that more than half (56.1%) of total 839 respondents placed “national consensus and civic groups” in the highest priority, which possibly implies that overseas deployment of the KAF depends critically on national consensus. For same question, however, much smaller percentage (17.0%) of total respondents placed “the President and the National Security Council (NSC)” in the highest priority, which was less than 30% of said respondents who valued national consensus most. This suggests that overseas deployment of the KAF depends directly on the orientation of national opinions.
For a question about secondary critical opinion source for decision to deploy the KAF overseas, it was found that the highest percentage (29.7%) of total respondents selected the National Assembly (29.7%), since those respondents thought it necessary to reach the consensus of the National Assembly as representative national institution before such overseas mobilization, which is also secondary opinion source following national consensus as top opinion source. Next to the National Assembly, our respondents selected President and NSC(17.9%) and international opinions (17.0%, 143 persons) as well, but only 2.6% respondents valued relationships between Korea and US in terms of overseas deployment of the KAF. This finding demonstrates that our respondents recognize the importance of Korea-US relations in the reason of overseas mobilization, but place the national consensus in the highest priority of opinion sources for decision deploys the KAF overseas. It may be also a critical consideration in the future the decision-making process for combat power maintenance and overseas deployment of the KAF.
For a question about expected biggest effects of overseas mobilization, it was found that highest percentage of total respondents selected national standings (44.5%, 373 persons), which was followed by economic interests (14.8%), possible contribution to world peace (14.7%), but only 4 respondents valued national underpinning of current regime only 8 respondents valued possible demonstration effects upon preventing military threat of North Korea to the South, which are much fewer than expected. Here, it is found that pragmatic logic of overseas mobilization, which tends to be in pursuit of better national standings, possible contribution to international society or economic interests, becomes discrepant from actual national security environment.
According to analysis on perspectives of multidisciplinary professionals about potential influential factors on the decision-making process for overseas deployment of the KAF, this study could adopt 5 hypotheses for which significant findings became deduced, such as h1: The tendency of influential factors on overseas mobilization depends on each affiliated group of respondents, h2: The tendency of influential factors upon overseas mobilization depends upon age distribution of respondents, h3: The tendency of influential factors on overseas mobilization depends on military service career of respondents, h4: The tendency of influential factors on overseas mobilization depends upon academic achievements of respondents, and h5: The tendency of influential factors on overseas mobilization depends on overseas mobilization experiences of respondents, respectively.
In addition, this study analyzed perspectives of multidisciplinary professionals about potential effects of overseas deployment of the KAF. As a result, it could adopt follow-up 5 hypotheses for which significant findings became deduced, such as h6: The tendency of potential effects of overseas mobilization depends upon overseas mobilization experiences of respondents, h7: The tendency of potential effects of overseas mobilization depends upon each affiliated group of respondents, h8: The tendency of potential effects of overseas mobilization depends upon age distribution of respondents, h9: The tendency of potential effects of overseas mobilization depends on military service career of respondents, and h10: The tendency of potential effects of overseas mobilization depends on the academic achievements of respondents, respectively.
Apart from the above procedures, on the other hand, this study sought to test overall assessments about reason of overseas mobilization, national benefits and major considerations for overseas mobilization depending upon direct or indirect overseas mobilization experiences of security professional group. The results of such test can be outlined as follows:
It was found that follow-up 3 hypotheses, i.e. h11: Experienced group has higher awareness about the reason of overseas mobilization depending on personal experiences in overseas mobilization than unexperienced group, h12: Experienced group gives higher ratings for national interests depending upon personal experiences in overseas mobilization than unexperienced group, and h13: Experienced group has higher sentiments for considerations about overseas deployment of the KAF depending on personal experiences in overseas mobilization than unexperienced group, were all supported because experienced group had significant awareness or expressed high support, as expected in this study.
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