한국의 공적노후소득보장체계는 중산층에게 적정한가? : 국민연금과 특수직역연금과의 비교를 통해
저자
발행사항
서울 : 고려대학교 대학원, 2018
학위논문사항
학위논문(박사)-- 고려대학교 대학원: 행정학과 2018. 2
발행연도
2018
작성언어
한국어
주제어
발행국(도시)
서울
기타서명
Is Korea's public retirement income security system suitable for the middle classes? : through a comparison between the national pension and the special occupational pension
형태사항
viii, 213 p. : 도표 ; 26 cm
일반주기명
지도교수: 김태일
참고문헌: p. 196-210
DOI식별코드
소장기관
The aim of this study was to assess whether the public retirement income support system is appropriate to ensure the retirement income of the middle class. To find out the effect of the difference in assurance level of public pensions on the elderly's lives in the middle class, the special occupational pension(higher guarantee level) and the national pension(lower guarantee level) were analyzed with Difference in Difference Analysis(DID) and Follow-up Study of Panel Data using KRelS(Korean Retirement and Income Study). With results of these analysis and reference to pension reform cases in from other nations, suggestions were made to supplement the national pension system to ensure the stable retirement income and life of the middle class.
The results of the analysis of the study and the policy implications of the effect of public pensions on middle class retirement can be summarized as follows.
First of all, according to the result of the DID analysis finding out the effect of the retirement income of middle class depend on difference in assurance level of public pensions(between special occupational pension and national pension), in case, the post-retirement work income was excluded, the difference in assurance level of public pensions had a greater influence on the elderly`s lives of the middle class. This analysis results showed that lots of middle class people who covered by the national pension are unable to prepare their own elderly life before retirement by themselves, so they should have to make up for the shortfall in pension payments through work activities. This means that the stable retirement life of the middle class should be needed government intervention through public pensions.
And next, the results of the follow-up study of panel data in one's life before and after retirement also showed that differences in assurance level in public pensions affected retirement life as the results of the DID. Furthermore, through the follow-up study of panel data on before and after retirement income and assets of pension recipients and non-recipients, it could recognize the meaning of the national pension entitlement itself. It showed that national pension recipients’ income and assets were found to remain in continuous and stable control even after retirement. Because they had set up additional retirement income sources with a national pension fund. On the other side, the income and asset sizes of non-recipients decreased drastically after 2∼3 years of retirement. It could be predicted that the non-recipients were being prepared their retirement income by gradually disposing of the assets after retirement. These results showed that national pension entitlement was not just about paying insurance during a work day and returning retirement pension, but it also meaned that recognition for the provision of retirement begins, strengthens, and maintains through the payment process of a long-term fixed amount to obtain the national pension entitlement. According to this analysis, the middle class could not prepare for their own retirement, so they needed to supplement their public pensions to prepare for their old age.
Therefore, this study proposed to utilize the multi-pillar old age income security system to supplement the low assurance level of national pension. This system included activating retirement pension plan and creating the second floor national pension plan. A plan on the activating retirement pension is to introduce the form of Italian enterprise pension subscription that the workers subscribe to pension automatically not by individual choice so that the private retirement pension make the characteristics of public pension. Another plan to supplement the national pension is to introduce a premium pension type in Sweden that operates an additional pension layer for a given income or higher. Second floor national pension could be a additional old-age income source that help the retirement life of middle class can be more stable and affluent.
Such enabling the activation of retirement pension and introduction of additional pensions with the improvement of long-term structure of the public pension system would give more stability to the middle classes' future life. It also could be the start of a process that could enable the government and the private sector to share the burden of the nation's aging society.
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