國軍捕虜 送還問題 解決方案에 관한 硏究 = Study on the Repatriation of the South Korean POW in the Korean War
저자
발행사항
서울 : 東國大學校 行政大學院, 2004
학위논문사항
학위논문(석사)-- 동국대학교 행정대학원: 북한학과 군사전략전공 2004. 8
발행연도
2004
작성언어
한국어
주제어
KDC
392.1911 판사항(4)
발행국(도시)
서울
형태사항
143p. : 챠트 ; 26cm.
일반주기명
참고문헌: p. 115-123
DOI식별코드
소장기관
More than 50 years have passed since the Korean War began on June 25, 1950. Repatriation of Second Lt. Jo, Changho in 1994 reminded all the Korean, the issue of remained Prisoners of War(hearafter POW) in North Korea that had been forgotten for the last 50 years. The 36 POW who returned alive from North Korea disclosed the real state of the POW in North Korea. Their testimony proved the facts it is not true that their is no remaining POW in North Korea. We now clearly know that there are many survivors.
The government estimates the number of remained POW in North Korea were about 19,000. Officially confirmed number, those of still alive is 500 according to the testimony of North Korea defectors. In spite of their old age, South Korean POW are living miserable lives under many discriminative treatments and policies of the North Korean authorities. Even in education, marriage, and social movement of their family, they are under strict control. As a compensation for their sacrifice for the country, they are now managing miserable lives in the blind point of humanism.
However, despite all these facts, North Korean authorities are still denying to admit the existence of remaining POW. What they insist is, there are only "North Korean People". According to them, remainders in North Korea converted to socialism or rejected repatriation. Few of them were freed after conversion oath, so they are arguing North Korea does not have obligation of repatriation.
Despite having many researches and studies on the South Korean POW issues, many unsolved tasks still remain. Being closely related to the characteristics of the war, the issue of POW in the Korean was has its own unique complexities.
So, this paper attempts to examine the POW statistics in the Korean war, the presumptive numbers of remainders after the 1953's Armistice agreement and how they have been treated inhuman by the North Korean authorities. These examination were accomplished together with accounts for the history of government policies and the reason to fail in repatriation them. And we also could get various lessons especially from the U.S. government's great efforts on POW/MIA issues on the Vietnamese war, Korean war, Gulf war cases.
The most fundamental reason we have remaining POW interned in North Korean is, the Korean War was an ideology war for political system competition. Democratic countries such as South Korea and the U.S. versus communist countries, North Korea, China and USSR. Both parties did not fully abide by the Geneva Convention accordingly. North Korea forcefully assigned the prisoners into their military units and South Korea released anti-Communist prisoners, which was against the Geneva Convention.
Now, it's the time that the government should take positive and effective action for the repatriation of POW. The power of the combat comes from soldiers's patronage for their nation. They need to have a firm belief that they will be sent back home even though they are taken prisoners of war. The government and military authorities must establish such environment inspiring their men to have a such belief.
The government has been making efforts to improve the relationship with North Korea on the basis of the comprehension policy to the North. With those efforts, we should keep giving more effort for the repatriation of POW. It has already set the devices for legal and institutional support, established a forwarding organization, in which some related authorities took part in, and focuses on finding out the real number of POW while listening to national opinion through some civil organization. Though, these kind of activities does still not being done enough. Repatriation of POW must be dealt with in more positive and open manners, if available, international support should also be taken into considerable.
It is the time, the government authorities should take the responsibility of repatriating POW, not just a matter of humanitarianism. The government should take and approach to the issue of the repatriation of POW in such aspect. Realistic and desirable method should be enforced repatriating the POW according to their liberty will give positive result for reunion of dispersed family. Although we sent back 63 unconverted long-term prisoners lately to North Korea, however we could not have even making a direct statement in regard to the repatriation of POW. We should strongly demand such repatriation, it is our right and responsibility as well. Of course, the improvement of relationship between North and South Korea must be receded.
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