Addressing Voltage Stability Issues of Future Loop Distribution Networks in Smart Grid Environment
저자
발행사항
서울 : 성균관대학교 일반대학원, 2017
학위논문사항
Thesis(doctoral)-- 성균관대학교 일반대학원 : 전자전기컴퓨터공학과 2017. 8
발행연도
2017
작성언어
영어
주제어
발행국(도시)
대한민국
형태사항
205 ; 26 cm
일반주기명
지도교수: 신동렬
소장기관
Distribution networks are a vital component of the hierarchal traditional grids, which were deterministically designed in radial configuration, retaining unidirectional power flow to the end consumers. However, challenges of rising load over large geographical areas, competitive electricity market, and service requirements close to the technical limits; have resulted in various technical and commercial issues. The possible solution approach calls for planned (long-term, medium-term, short-term) modernization that includes countermeasures to deal with abovementioned issues. Moreover, the new smart grid (SG) era has provided a tool to realize the intelligent solutions to overcome limitations in traditional system.
Since, future distribution network (FDN) has expected to be smart, interconnected, reliable and consumer oriented. Hence, this thesis aims at assessing primarily voltage stability and other important issues of the interconnected loop distribution network (LDN). The main idea of this effort is to support LDN as a potential candidate for FDN under smart grid environment; on the basis on performance analysis, applications and comparison with available options, respectively. This work has supported with a detail account on background, such as limitations in an existing infrastructure, anticipated SG perceptions, distributed generation and associated concepts, respectively.
It is found that significant amount of research has been conducted on voltage stability analysis of transmission and radial distribution networks (RDN). However, indexed based voltage stability analysis for loop configured distribution network has largely unaddressed in literature. The voltage stability indices (VSI) for indicating weakest node, have mostly based on two bus equivalent model or single branch equivalent system model and can only be employed to evaluate voltage stability margin of RDNs. The VSI dedicated to RDN would not be applicable to LDN, which is fed by two ends. Moreover, it has argued in various works that the voltage magnitude only is not an appropriate indicator for voltage stability. Hence, a flexible index based technique is required to address voltage stability assessment of LDN. In this work, a simple approach has proposed, based on circuit analysis and famous biquadratic method to evaluate voltage stability of LDN and is capable of indicating weakest node close to voltage collapse.
First, a mathematical expression has derived for ideal case (with assumptions), followed by improved VSI expressions for two realistic cases (with less assumptions), for LDN. The evaluation, validation and comparison of proposed VSI (for real case) with available literature has applied on two test distribution networks, namely Korean electrical power supply company (KEPCO) and IEEE 69 bus test DN; respectively. The proposed approach has also applied for the applications of distributed generation (DG) placement and faults identification analysis. The initial results demonstrate the validity of proposed VSI which is expected to be useful for practical applications of future SGs.
Second, modified relationships of loss minimizations with single and two DGs in LDN based models have presented. In addition, the impacts of DGs, operating at unity and lagging power factors (PF), have also catered; respectively.
Thirdly, single and double DG placements in LDN have analyzed on the basis of proposed VSI (real case) approach. It has found that search space has considerably reduced as compare to other sensitivity based approaches in literature.
Finally, a VSI based planning approach has presented to address the impact of load growth in multiyear planning (across five years) under loop configuration. The proposed VSI based planning approach, has offered with performance analysis of three loading cases (with six scenarios each). In each case, first two scenarios aims at losses minimization (LM) with one DG, later two cases aims at voltage maximization (VM) with one DG, and last two cases aims at simultaneous LM and VM with two DGs, respectively.
In first case, performance analysis of LDN has presented under normal loading scenarios and optimal DG sizes. In second case, performance analysis of LDN has presented with modified loading scenarios under the impact of load growth and DG capacity in each respective scenario has kept same as that of first case. The purpose of second case is to find out impact of load growth on other performance indicators. In third case, modified DG capacity has achieved for modified load across five years in terms of six scenarios. The numerical evaluations of each scenario under respective case, has analyzed under various performance indicators i.e. VSI, voltage profiles, LM, cost of system losses, DG penetration, system capacity release from substation and annual investment cost (AIC) of DG; respectively.
The obtained results have compared with those available in literature and found in close agreement with each other. The numerical results, favor loop configured system over its radial counterpart, both in terms of performance analysis and durability, verifying the validity of proposed method.
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