NGO活動이 國防政策過程에 미치는 影響에 관한 硏究 = (A)study on the effect of NGO activities on the national defense policy process
저자
발행사항
진주: 慶尙大學校, 2007
학위논문사항
발행연도
2007
작성언어
한국어
주제어
KDC
391.1 판사항(4)
DDC
355.03 판사항(21)
발행국(도시)
경상남도
형태사항
viii, 144 p.: 삽화; 26 cm
일반주기명
권말부록으로 "NGO 활동이 국방정책과정에 미치는 영향", "성별에 따른 NGO의 활동문제의 국방정책 영향 정도의 차이, 연령에 따른 NGO의 활동문제의 국방정책 영향 정도의 차이" 수록
참고문헌: p. 129-134
소장기관
A variety and important social issues cannot be resolved by the government alone amid the market failure and the government failure, as well as the decentralization and local autonomous system. The major role of NGO is to monitor and control the government or market and keep the power in check.
The military and NGO are pursuing a cooperative relationship through the exchange recently, although they had a generally confrontational relationship in the past. NGO participates either formally or informally in the process of policy, depending on intensity of acceptance, influence, etc, in relation to the process of decision on agenda, policy-making, execution of policy and evaluation of policy. Such activities of NGO may be a safeguard to overcome the limits of representative democracy, reflecting various ideas of people, and will promote the support of people for defense policy.
This study is an endeavor to look into the effect on the national defense NGO, analyzing the cases on the human rights in the military, environmental pollution in the military, unfair SOFA, relocation of Pyeongtaek army base, and F-X project and others. The following conclusions were drawn as to the difference in the perception toward the influence of NGO activities aiming to improve the national defense policy, as a result of the empirical analysis to figure out the effect of NGO on matters related to national defense policy.
First, a significant difference(F=39.056) in mean scores related to human right violation was found at the level of p<.001 with those working in NGO indicating the highest mean scores, followed by ordinary citizens and those working in the field related to the national defense policy. This suggests that they understand the need to improve the human rights in military as the seriousness of human right violation in military has come into the spotlight.
Second, a significant difference(F=7.049) in mean scores related to the environmental pollution in the military was found at the level of p<.01 with those working in NGO indicating the highest mean scores, followed by ordinary citizens and those working in the field related to the national defense policy. This suggests that all three groups recognize the seriousness of the environmental pollution by military which requires the solution based on the accurate investigation.
Third, a significant difference(F=6.236) in mean scores related to SOFA was found at the level of p<.01 with those working in NGO indicating the highest mean scores, followed by those working in the field related to the national defense policy and ordinary citizens. This suggests that it may be hard to come up with a solution or easily recognize the seriousness of problem until a problem is publicized by NGO as in the case of death of middle school girl students.
Fourth, a significant difference(F=5.725) in mean scores related to the relocation of Pyeongtaek army base was found at the level of p<.01 with those working in NGO indicating the highest mean scores, followed by ordinary citizens and those working in the field related to the national defense policy. This suggests that ordinary citizens are involved in the movement of NGO and supporting such a movement vigorously through the Internet and information to raise question about the reasonability for relocating the US army base and the way of government nearly forcing the people to accept its policy.
Fifth, a significant difference(F=7.928) in mean scores related to the budget for national defense was found at the level of p<.001 with those working in NGO indicating the highest mean scores, followed by ordinary citizens and those working in the field related to the national defense policy. Specifically, those working in the field related to the national defense policy and ordinary citizens tend to expect more detailed investigation to be conducted than in the previous process of decision-making and also expect the policy process to be proceeded ahead in accordance with the related policy procedure if the information about national defense budget is disclosed.
In addition, the analysis of the effect that the activities of NGO might have on the improvement of national defense policy indicated that the monitoring of environmental pollution in the military had a great effect on the national defense policy, whereas a majority of those working in the field related to the national defense criticized that the activities related to SOFA did not have much effect on the national defense policy. This implies that NGO is considered as monitoring the national defense policy process and keeping that process in check, not a proactive participant in that process. By contrast, those working in NGO are considered positively as participants in the process of national defense policy.
Though NGOs are involved in policy processes at different point of time and encounter different degree of conflict, they are proceeding ahead with activities in various ways by making issues out of the process of national defense policy to ensure the transparency and provide a lot of information in an attempt to propose solutions.
NGO needs to pursue a coexistent and cooperative relationship by vigorously collecting the information and converging ideas within the legal boundary from the humane perspective toward the solution, education and promotion in relation to those who fall victim to major policies in the event of any conflict or confrontation arising from the rejection of their(NGO) demand.
Different ideas and analytical methods need to be considered further from various viewpoints for the following reasons:
- this study did not completely get to the bottom of the effect on the national defense policy process using only some examples.
- the result of analysis based on the survey reflects some difference depending on individual.
- the findings of this study is subjective because the starting point of national defense policy process, the intensity of conflict, the degree of NGO activities, etc were analyzed from the standpoint of those working in NGO.
This study implies that the National Defense Department needs to engage NGO in the national defense policy process and share the information within a certain boundary which does not pose a threat to the national security and consider NGO as a partner through more proactive exchanges with it.
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