朝鮮後期 水軍制度의 運營과 變化
저자
발행사항
대전: 忠南大學校 大學院, 2016
학위논문사항
학위논문(박사) -- 忠南大學校 大學院 , 국사학과 한국사 전공 , 2016. 2
발행연도
2016
작성언어
한국어
DDC
951.9 판사항(22)
발행국(도시)
대전
기타서명
Joseon Naval Operations And Changes In The System
형태사항
ii, 240 p.: 삽화; 26 cm.
일반주기명
충남대학교 논문은 저작권에 의해 보호받습니다.
지도교수: 김상기
참고문헌: p. 230-235
소장기관
In the early 17th century, naval forces strengthened defense system. The court established naval defense system so as to prepare large scaled military strength. After Japanese invasion of Korea, naval defense system was organized on the base of Busan area and Gyeonnaeryang of Gyeongsang-do. With the rearrangement of progress, the court discussed about kinds and arrangement of military boats. At the time, there were several measures without no objection to select war ship as an intensive ship. The court decided war ship by progress on the basis of the scale and strategic importance of progress. The court fulfilled 添防, a strategy transferring naval forces of other regions to the base for defense so as to supplement the blank of the regional defense. And then, the focus on reorganization discussion of naval defense system moved to western coast from the years of Gwanghaegun visualizing Northern threatening. The court set Ganghwa-do as 保障處 and started to strengthen naval defense system if the North invaded. As a concrete measure, jusacheong was established and it was related to the establishment of tongeryoung. And then, in the years of Hyojong, progresses of each area of Gyeonggi coasts were transferred to Ganghwa-do or established.
Although naval force bases were rearranged and military boats were established, it was difficult to operate naval defense system property if military power was not secured sufficiently. The court conducted hopaebeop and suggested a measure to supplement the yangjeong to naval forces as well as regulations related to naval forces were arranged. At the time of hopaebeop, naval forces distributed by city court were limited to sabu and gyeokgun and the military persons were less than actual crewmen. The remaining members couldn't help supplementing from the base. And then, in the 6th year of Hyojong(1655), 布 納付 of naval forces was officially accepted and the isolation was accepted. Military force collecting method of eup front was greatly different. After Japanese invasion of Korea, the number of crewmen of eup front was supplemented by '田結調用' method collecting members based on jeongyul and then,, sokogun was paid.
From the late 17th century to the early 18th century, naval force system was reorganized. Gyeonggi·Hwanghae area supervised by tongeryoung makes the most effects on changes of the overseas political situation. At that time, naval forces of Gyeonggi area was reorganized by focusing on Ganghwa-do. At that time, through the transfer of a series of progresses, naval defense system of Ganghwa-do was actually eliminated and outskirt of Ganghwa-do was defended. In addition, the problemm that war ship, an intensive ship of Joseon, was not proper for the defense of hwangdangseon was suggested, so the court intensively arranged bangpaesun, chuposun, etc. which are small scaled ships in Hwanghae·Gyeonggi area, the main axis of tongeryooung system and replaced the jeonsun. At that time, jinkwan reorganization of Chungcheong·Jeolla·Gyeongsang area supervised by tongjeyoung can be abstracted by increase of tongjeyoung scale and establishment of progress in Chungcheong·Jeolla-do. The area couldn't deny the defense system of jeonsun, but guisun was arranged in some area. Guisun was large, so won in the battle with Japan as well as received the evaluation of better operation than jeonsun. In addition, the court prepared measures to strengthen operation of ships. As a result, the court developed haegolsun.
The court reorganized naval force system. In the late 17th century, yeokga payment of naval force and isolation of military strength were accepted and the problem of yeok burdening became the most important problem for the operation of military strength. Excessiveness of naval force burdening became reasons for dogo·japtal, etc, financial burden of naval force base and factor to make it difficult to operate military strength. As 幷保制 was fulfilled in the 6th year of hyunjong, yeokga of some naval forces was reduced. And, in the 30th year of sukjong(1704), reduction of yeokga was decided. In addition, 「yangnamsugunbyuntongjeolmok」 and 「hwanghaedosugunbyuntongjeolmok」 were declared and all kinds of measures were taken. And, through the publishment of yangyeokchongsu and yangyeoksilchong, sajung of byungjong collected in naval force base was conducted.
From the late 18th century to the early 19th century, naval force system was weaken. The turning point was gyunyeok system. As gyunyeok system was fulfilled, sugunyeokga was reduced from 2 pil to 1 pil again. In addition, 7 naval force bases were abolished and there was loss of eryumse, main source of income. The court paid sugungeupdae so as to recover the loss. Geupdae was greatly paid by three items such as gampil·eryumse·jujeon, etc. There were various items of sugungeupdae and more quantity in comparison with other geupdae, but the loss couldn't be compensated. Therefore, lots of progresses took financial loss, but tongjeyoung took lots of damages especially. Tongjeyoung supplemented insufficiency of sugunyeokga through the expansion of 還耗 usage. The measure was helpful to solve urgent finance of tongjeyoung, but tongyounggok was reduced and several problems were caused in a long-term aspect. There were measures for it, but it was insufficient to compensate the loss of gyunyeokbup.
Also, tendency of tax collection was changed. Janggye inquiring the tax collection arrived the court continuously, but a king ordered 停操 in most of cases. The reason was greatly related to various factors such as disaster, financial insufficiency, will of king, etc. However, it included the problem of gunsun utilization. In this situation, the opinion to use jeonsun as jounsun was powerful with songjeong problem of the time. In the 21st century of Jeongjo(1797), Jeongjo ordered jeongyo to operate jeonsun as jounsun and various discussions were progressed. But, on the other hand, there was strong objective opinion because of the technological problem, national defense's weakening problem, etc. As Jeongjo promoting the discussion about joseonsun actively was died and the discussion was temporarily stopped. After then, the problem of gunsun's usefulness was suggested continuously and in the 3rd year of gojong(1866), joensun started to be improved to josun from the area of Chungcheong-do.
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