알권리와 개인정보자기결정권의 갈등에 관한 연구 : 감염병 관리 사례를 중심으로
저자
발행사항
대전: 忠南大學校 大學院, 2022
학위논문사항
학위논문(박사) -- 忠南大學校 大學院 대학원 , 언론정보학과 언론정보학 전공 , 2022. 8
발행연도
2022
작성언어
한국어
DDC
070 판사항(22)
발행국(도시)
대전
기타서명
The Conflict between the Right to Know and the Right to Self-Determination of Personal Information: On the Cases of Infectious Disease Management
형태사항
iv, 235 p.: 삽화.
일반주기명
지도교수:이승선
충남대학교 논문은 저작권에 의해 보호받습니다.
2021학년도부터 인쇄본은 소장하고 있지 않습니다.
참고문헌: p.214-231
UCI식별코드
I804:25009-200000631811
소장기관
During the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, opening the confirmed cases’ data and their location was considered natural, defended by the public’s right to know. It was the society’s general atmosphere that Individuals’ desire towards security from the pandemic excelled to the degree where they were willingly forfeiting their personal data. Unlike the classic privacy rights, the right to personal information determination ensures that individuals will hold control over series of procedures related to collection and redistribution of their personal information even under the pandemic situation. Therefore, we expect to answer how the community can maintain its balance between the public right to know and the right to self-determination of personal information. The current research analyzed judicial precedents on conflict between the right to know and the right to self-determination of personal information from 1988 to February 2022. 23 cases of conflicts under pandemic management is also included. For each, the main focus and its characteristics, and the following legal principles are analyzed and evaluated. The research problems can be summarized into 3 main points. First, what would be the characteristics of the main issue when the right to know and the right to self-determination of personal information are under conflict? Second, what would be characteristics of the issue when the conflicting rights are under pandemic management situation? Third, what should be the golden principle in providing solutions toward this conflict? My analyses discovered the following. The repeatedly produced issues among the conflict over the right to know and the right to self-determination were on each basic rights’ coverage, public’s righteous attention, agreement, specification of the victims and their personal identification information. Generally, there had been changes among our courts awareness of importance in right to self-determination of personal information. For the sake of our society’s security, the court had set the right to know as the primary guaranteed rights over others. However, for the right to self-determination of personal information, regardless of private and public individuals, personal information had been secured undconditionally.
Meanwhile, through pandemic related legal cases, I assessed whether the conflict between the two basic rights can be resolved by following solutions. The court’s primary concerns and standards delivered the following characteristics. First, there are inconsistencies in the court’s sentence on cases where law enforcement procedures have violated personal information security. Second, a portion of our court are employing exceptions to cases where a government employee has violated the confirmed cases’ personal information and whereabouts to secure their family’s safety. Third, our court’s judgement on limitation and coverage of the rights are not so very different with the priority standards that apply when the basic rights are in conflict. Forth, the court’s judgement on the public’s interest seems to be excessively arbitrary and inertial, hence casting probability of violating the principle of clarity. Fifth, there were inconsistencies between classic legal cases and the novel cases in the context of agreement. In pandemic situation, it is required that the pandemic confirmed cases’ personal information are disclosed without their agreement. Sixth, it is the notion that personal information may be disclosed to public without threat to personal information self-determination with appropriate technical modification. The court had consistently shown through cases that the media can deliver related information without violating the personal information right even under pandemic situation. Under the current legal system, it is evident that right to self-determination of personal information is easily disturbed in the name of public benefit and safety.
In the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, our society have instigated this notion of right to know to ensure safety of each individuals and society itself. Furthermore, we cannot deny that disease prevention department, local government bodies and media altogether formed an alliance to support this idea. One may hastily claim that it is only a matter of time for us to be back to the “normal state. However, what we must pay attention to is that the very situation may be repeated without any malice within our society. As we may see during the COVID-19 situation where our government body had laid much pressure on the society by enforcement of social distancing protocol, the rule once admitted to the society cannot be reversed back to its original state easily. The court had been urging for responsibilities when the media have violated one’s right to self-determinate even though there are suitable methods to secure their safety. However, the opposite is also possible. The media can certainly act as the agent of the public voice in seeking for the right to know, with the standards and principles of disaster broadcasting is served. Personal information can also be disclosed if the protection of the victims is righteously followed. While during the MERS-CoV outbreak, our society have strengthened the administrative authority and punishment systems related to infectious disease. The initial sentence standards and the recent sentence standards of personal information breach showed difference. Publics tends to receive heavy penalties, while the government officials are suspended of their original sentences.
Furthermore, with COVID-19 active, our society have once again empowered the related authorities and enforcement systems under fear of the pandemic. With the COVID-19’s dynamics disclosed, this issue of administrative bodies collecting personal information which may be vulnerable to infringement should be reassessed. Evident through many legal cases, the prudent infringer of personal information was processed by law enforcement procedure and by its manager. Thus, the standards must be reproduced under our society’s deliberate consensus. The media’s suggestive, competitive broadcasting nature must also undergo assessment. Legal cases present that the media’s awareness of broadcasting principles allow disaster related broadcasting without violation of right to self-determination of personal information .
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