未来文明的科幻想象：基于社会契约论视角的考察

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

As a pivotal theoretical paradigm in Western political philosophy, social contract theory explores the fundamental logic underlying the emergence of human society: in the state of nature, individuals, driven by the common need for survival and security, mutually enter into contracts to alienate certain rights, thereby establishing a binding public authority. Surveying the evolutionary trajectory of human civilization — from primitive societies to the contemporary global landscape where capitalism and socialism coexist — each transformation of civilizational form has been realized through dialectical sublation. The fundamental driving forces stem from the development of productive forces, the adjustment of production relations, and the transformation of basic social contradictions. This historical regularity reveals that the evolution of civilizational forms possesses inherent logic and epochal inevitability. However, looking toward the future, with the rapid advancement of disruptive technologies such as artificial intelligence, interstellar exploration, and gene editing, what new form will human civilization take? This question can neither be fully predicted based on historical experience nor conclusively deduced through pure logical reasoning. It is within this theoretical predicament that science fiction, as a unique vehicle for thought experiments — by virtue of its imagination unconstrained by reality, its profound insight into human nature, and its speculative exploration of technology-society relationships — offers significant inspiration for contemplating the possible trajectories of human civilization. This paper attempts to employ social contract theory as its theoretical foundation. Through an analysis of classic science fiction texts, including The Three-Body Problem, Dune, and I, Robot, it seeks to explore the imaginaries of civilization and the implications of political philosophy embedded within them. On this basis, the paper aims to project the possible directions of new forms of human civilization.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

社会契约论作为西方政治哲学的重要理论范式，从根源上探讨了人类社会诞生的底层逻辑：在自然状态下，个体出于对生存安全的共同需求，通过相互订立契约让渡部分权利，从而建立起具有约束力的公共权力机构。纵观人类文明形态的演进历程，从原始社会到当代世界格局，每一次文明形态的变革都是在辩证“扬弃”中实现的，其根本动力源于生产力的发展、生产关系的调整以及社会基本矛盾的转化。这一历史规律启示我们，文明形态的演进具有内在逻辑与时代必然性。然而，面向未来，随着人工智能、星际探索、基因编辑等颠覆性技术的快速发展，人类文明将走向何种新形态？这一问题既无法完全依据历史经验加以预测，也难以通过纯粹的逻辑推演得出结论。正是在这一理论困境中，科幻小说作为一种独特的思想实验载体，凭借其超越现实约束的想象力、对人性的深刻洞察以及对技术-社会关系的先验探索，为探讨人类文明的可能走向提供了重要启示。本文尝试以社会契约论为理论基础，通过对《三体》《沙丘》《我，机器人》等经典科幻文本的分析，探讨其中蕴含的文明想象与政治哲学意涵，并在此基础上展望人类文明新形态的可能走向。