칼 마르크스(Karl Marx)의 宗敎 史觀에 대한 分析的 考察 = Analytical Study on Karl Marx's Historical View of Religion
저자
秦惠淑 (Bae Hwa Junior Women's College)
발행기관
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
1994
작성언어
Korean
KDC
041
자료형태
학술저널
수록면
5-42(38쪽)
제공처
In the course of many discussions of historical materialism since Marx's day, a variety of approaches have been introduced to such a degree that even conflicting interpretations have come to light.
First, questions have arisen about the nature and status of the theory. Historical theory has been regarded as the statement of an established sociological or historical law. Some have asserted it is an extremely wide-ranging and complex hypothesis liable to refutation as research advances.
According to other scholars, it is not so much a hypothesis as a method or recipe or set of hints for framing one.
Secondly, problem concern the connection or lack of connection between historical materialism as a value-free sociological theory and as an element in the socialist out-look and a ehtical justification of socialist expectation.
On the one hand, there is the claim that historical materialism is scientifically established and explains how things are and predicts what they will be, on the other hand, there is the promise that out of the contradictions of capitalism a superior form of sciety will arise in which there will be no more coercion or exploitation. This study attempts to examine it is its relation to the scheme of history of the religious system, particularly that of the early christian history. Then the validity of this kind of research may be questioned, for Marxism the atheistic and anti- religious character openly. In fact the religious character of marxism is superficially obscured by Marx's rejection of the traditional religions. This took the form of a repudiation of religion as such and an expousal of atheism. Thus atheism of Marxism was a positive religious proposition.
From a structural viewpoint, moreover, Marxism invites analysis as a religious system. Two Mandan predictions-breakdown of capitalism and arrival of communist society-proved erroneous by sharp critical analysis of socail scientists. The core of their assertions was that Marx selected materials composing his historical theory arbitrary and only borrowed the form of explanation and prediction from social sciences.
In the second part, we analyzed the eschatological scheme of historical materilalism through the comparative approach.
First, like the Judeo-christian conception of history Marxism has universal character of history.
A third common factor that Marx shares with the christian view of history is existence of dual hostile forces- constructive and destructive ones. According to the Judeochristian scheme. As the prehistory approaches its end, the role of proletariat is similar to that of chosen people. The proletarian class, active participant of the communist, is regarded as the corporate witness of new society and a symbol of new mankind.
A fourth characteristic that Marx has in common with the Judeo-christian scheme is the them of salvation. Marx, of course, does not use the word "salvation" yet he has the concept of a total regeneration of man in his mind.
In his system it is the mission of the final revolution to bring about a radical transformation of human nature of "change of self" wherby man will become a wholly new man.
Fifth, the deeply embedded concept in Marxist materialist conception of history, the unity of theory and practive, corresponds to master-theme of faith in th Judeo-christian theory of history. This way of thinking belongs to the christian pattern. It was revolutionary praxis in his own phrase. Such a idea represents the eschatological structure. According to the christian scheme, man exists all through history in the state of sin and is redeem it only at the end. The kingdom of God, symbol of salvation is to arrive decisively in the last time of history. Before the complishment of salvation and final victory of good forces, the mystery of fullness of evil has to be realized. At the end of history chosen people or remnants are to defeat the evil and enjoy the fruit of salvation.
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