대학생의 코칭역량과 진로결정자기효능감, 고용가능성, 진로장벽의 관계 = The Relationship between Coaching Competency and Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy, Employability, and Career Barriers of College Students

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 최근 대학교육 현장에서 진행되는 코칭의 확산에 발맞추어 대학생 코칭역량의 효과성을 탐색하는 것을 목적으로 대학생의코칭역량과 진로결정자기효능감, 고용가능성, 진로장벽의 관계에 대해 검증하였다. 연구목적을 달성하기 위하여 서울에 있는 4년제 대학교에서 진로관련 교양 선택과목을 수강한 3, 4학년 학생들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문조사 후 356명의 최종자료를 회귀분석를 통해 결과를 도출하였다. 다음은 연구결과이다. 첫째, 변인들간의 상관관계를 분석한 결과 대학생의 코칭역량, 코칭역량의하위요인들과 진로결정자기효능감, 고용가능성 간에는 정적인 상관관계가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 대학생의 코칭역량, 코칭역량의 하위요인들과 진로장벽 간에는 부적인 상관관계가 나타났다. 둘째, 대학생의 코칭역량은 진로결정자기효능감과 고용가능성에 정적인 영향을 미치며 진로장벽에는 부적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 대학생 코칭역량의 하위요인들과 진로변인들간의 관계를 확인한 결과, 자기다움, 커뮤니케이션과 행동변화 요인들은 모두 진로결정자기효능감과 고용가능성에 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 자기다움과 행동변화 요인들은 진로장벽에 부적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나 커뮤니케이션 요인은 진로장벽에 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 확인되었다. 이와 같은 연구결과는 대학생의 코칭역량이 자신에게 적합한 진로를 결정하고 입직에대한 자신감을 갖게 하며 진로발달 과정에서 직면하게 되는 내·외적인 장애요인들을 극복하게 하는 주요 변인이라는 것을 입증하는것이다. 따라서 대학교육 현장에서는 대학생의 코칭역량 강화를 통해 대학생들이 바람직한 진로발달을 해 나갈 수 있도록 지원해야할 것이다. 끝으로 본 연구결과를 뒷받침할 수 있는 후속연구에 대해 제언하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was to verify the relationship between college students' coaching competency, career decision-making self-efficacy, employability, and career barriers with the aim of exploring the effectiveness of college student coaching competencies in line with the recent spread of coaching in the university education field. To achieve the research objectives, a survey was conducted on third and fourth graders who took career-related liberal arts electives at a four-year university in Seoul. After the survey, the final data of 356 people were derived through regression analysis. The following were the results of the study. First, as a result of analyzing the correlation between variables, it was confirmed that there was a positive correlation between college students' coaching competency, sub-factors of coaching competency, career decision-making self-efficacy, and employability. There was a negative correlation between college students' coaching competency, sub-factors of coaching competency, and career barriers.
Second, it was found that college students' coaching competency had a positive effect on career decision-making self-efficacy and employability and had a negative effect on career barriers. Third, as a result of confirming the relationship between the sub-factors of college student coaching competency and career variables, it was confirmed that self-esteem, communication, and behavioral change factors all had a positive effect on career decision-making self-efficacy and employability. Self-worth and behavioral change factors were found to have a negative effect on career barriers, but communication factors were found to have no significant effect on career barriers. These findings demonstrate that college students' coaching competency is a major variable that determines their appropriate career path, gives them confidence in their employment, and overcomes internal and external obstacles encountered in the course of career development. Therefore, in the field of university education, it is necessary to support university students to develop desirable career paths by strengthening their coaching capabilities. Finally, a follow-up study that can support the results of this study was suggested.