자살행동 감소를 위한 인지행동치료의 효과에 대한 국내 연구 개관: 체계적 문헌고찰 연구 = An overview of Korean domestic research on the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for suicidal behaviors: a systematic review

국문 초록 (Abstract)

국내 자살률은 경제협력개발기구 회원국 중 전체 1위에 해당할 정도로 매우 높은 것으로 알려져 있다. 인지행동치료는 자살생각과 자살시도와 같은 자살행동에 대한 비생물학적 치료로서 많은 근거를 축적하고 있는 방법이다. 본 연구는 인지행동치료가 자살행동 감소에 미치는 효과를 살펴보고자 체계적 문헌고찰 방법을 통해 국내 연구들을 개관하였다. 자살행동에 대한 인지행동치료의 개입을 살펴본 국내 연구 중 2000년부터 2023년 사이에 발표된 학술지 논문을 대상으로 한 체계적 문헌 고찰을 통해 최종적으로 12편의 논문이 선정되었다. 분석 결과, 준-실험 설계 유형이 가장 많았으며, 임상군을 대상으로 시행한 연구는 4편이 있었다. 가장 흔하게 사용된 측정도구는 Beck의 자살생각 척도였으며, 인지행동치료 유형으로는 전통적인 인지행동 치료가 가장 많았다. 치료 개입 후 자살행동 감소에 영향을 미쳤을 가능성이 있는 측면들을, 우울 증상의 감소, 문제대처방식의 향상, 사회적 지지에 대한 지각의 증가, 자살행동을 직접적으로 다루는 구성요소의 포함으로 나누어 살펴보았다. 이를 바탕으로 향후 자살행동 감소에 대한 인지행동치료 효과 연구 및 개입 방안에 대해 제안하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Republic of Korea faces a troubling issue with its exceptionally high suicide rate, ranking first among the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development member nations. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) offers a promising non-biological approach to tackle suicidal behavior, encompassing thoughts and attempts, backed by substantial evidence. This study conducted an extensive literature review to scrutinize CBT's impact on curbing suicidal behavior, with a focus on domestic research in Korea. From a pool of studies published between 2000 and 2023, 12 articles were meticulously chosen for analysis. Quasi-experimental designs were the most common, and there were four studies conducted with clinical groups. Beck's Scale for Suicidal Ideation emerged as the primary measurement tool, and traditional cognitive-behavioral therapy was the predominant treatment method. Potential aspects that may have influenced the reduction in suicidal behavior after treatment intervention were examined, including reduced depressive symptoms, improved coping mechanisms, increased perception of social support, and targeted components addressing suicidal behavior, collectively leading to a decrease in suicidal tendencies. These findings provide valuable insights for future research and intervention strategies in combatting Korea's alarming suicide rate.

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