여성 한부모 가구의 빈곤지위에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구：미국을 중심으로 한 국가간 비교연구 = A Study on Factors relating to the Poverty Status of Female-headed Households：A Cross-national analysis with a focus on the U.S.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 서구 산업사회 중 가장 높은 여성 한부모 가구의 빈곤율을 보이고 있는 미국을 중심으로 여성 한부모 가구의 빈곤 지위에 미치는 요인들을 국가 간 비교분석을 통해 살펴보았다. 이를 위하여 본 연구는 룩셈부르크 소득 연구(Luxembourg Income Study)의 데이터를 이용하여 열세 개 국가로부터 8,062 여성 한부모 가구를 표본으로 추출하였으며, 미국의 상대적으로 열악한 여성 한부모 가구의 빈곤지위를 설명하는데 있어서 여성 한부모 가구의 개인적 특성과 사회 정책적 노력을 동시에 통제하기 위하여 기술통계, 다변량 로지스틱 회귀분석 및 위계적 일반화 선형모형을 사용하였다. 분석결과, 다른 서구 산업사회와 비교하여 상대적으로 열악한 미국 여성 한부모 가구의 빈곤지위는 미국 내 보수주의자들의 주장과는 달리 그들의 개인적 특성에 기인한 것이 아니며, 오히려 미국의 여성 한부모들은 다른 서구 산업사회의 여성 한부모들에 비해 전반적으로 경제적 지위에 유리한 특성을 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 상대적으로 유리한 개인적 특성에도 불구하고, 미국의 여성 한부모 가구가 빈곤에 처할 위험이 상대적으로 큰 이유는 여성 가구주의 일/가정 양립을 해소시키는 노동지원 정책과 아동의 경제적 부담을 직접적으로 감소시킬 수 있는 공적 소득이전과 같은 그들을 위한 사회 정책적 노력이 매우 미흡하기 때문인 것으로 나타났다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

A Study on Factors relating to the Poverty Status of Female-headed Households：A Cross-national analysis with a focus on the U.S.

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