중국 성인의 보행량에 따른 체성분과 근력 및 하지 지구력 분석 = Analysis of Body Composition, Muscle Strength, and Lower Limb Endurance Based on Walking Volume in Chinese Adults

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구의 목표는 중국 성인을 대상으로 보행량에 따른 체성분과 근력 및 하지 지구력을 분석하는데 있다. 중국 18세에서 45세 사이의 건강한 성인 49명(남성 27명, 여성 22명)을 대상으로 가속도계 ActiGraph를 사용하여 일일 보행량을 7일간 측정하였다. 7일간의 일일 보행량 측정 후 우선InBody230을 이용하여 체성분[체중, 지방량(BFM), 체지방률(BFP), BMI, 그리고 허리-엉덩이 비율(WHR)]을 측정하였다. 이후 근력은 악력계(Jamar)와 손가락 힘 측정기(Pinch)로 측정하였고, 5회 앉았다 일어서기 테스트(5 Times Sit To Stand, FTSST)를 통해 하체 지구력을 평가하였다.
일일 보행량을 3그룹(a 그룹≤5,999 steps/day, b 그룹=6,000-9,999 steps/day, c 그룹≥10,000 steps/day)으로 분류하여 일일 보행량에 따른 체성분, 근력, 하체 지구력을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 성인의 일일 보행 수는 성별에 따라 차이가 없었다. 둘째, 체성분, 근력, 그리고 하지 지구력 측면에서 성인의 성별에 따른 유의한 차이가 있었다. 셋째, 일일 보행 활동 그룹 중 일일10,000보 이상의 그룹(c 그룹)은 b 그룹과 c 그룹과 비교하여 체지방이 유의하게 낮았다. 그러나중간 수준(6,000~9,999보)이나 낮은 수준(5,999보 미만)의 보행 그룹의 체지방량은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 넷째, 다양한 보행 활동 수준은 근력과 하체 지구력에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않았다. 즉, 일일 보행 수가 10,000보를 넘거나 6,000보에서 9,999보 사이, 혹은 5,999보이하인 그룹 간에 차이가 없었다. 따라서 일일 보행량이 체성분 관리에 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 시사하며, 특히 10,000보 이상의 신체활동이 체지방 감소에 효과적일 가능성을 보여준다. 그러나 근력 및 하지 지구력과 같은 체력적 요소에는 보행량 증가만으로는 큰 영향을 미치지 않음을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 개인의 건강 관리 및 신체활동 계획 수립 시 참고 자료로 활용될 수 있다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aimed to analyze the effects of walking on body composition, muscle strength, and lower extremity endurance in Chinese adults. Forty-nine healthy adults (27 males and 22 females) aged 18 to 45 years old in China measured their daily walking distance using the accelerometer ActiGraph for 7 days. After 7 days of daily walking, body composition [body weight, fat mass (BFM), body fat percentage (BFP), BMI, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)] was first measured using InBody230. Muscle strength was measured using dynamometer (Jamar) and finger force meter (Pinch), and lower body endurance was assessed using the 5 Times Sit To Stand Test (FTSST). We categorized daily walking into three groups (group a≤5,999 steps/day, group b=6,000-9,999 steps/day, and group c≥10,000 steps/day) and analyzed the effects of daily walking on body composition, muscle strength, and lower body endurance as follows. First, the number of daily steps in adults did not differ by gender; second, there were significant differences in body composition, muscle strength, and lower body endurance by gender in adults. Third, among the daily walking activity groups, those who walked more than 10,000 steps per day (group C) had significantly lower body fat compared to groups B and C. However, the moderate (6,000 to 9,999 steps) and low (<5,999 steps) walking groups did not show statistically significant differences in body fat loss. Fourth, varying levels of walking activity had no significant effect on muscle strength and lower body endurance, i.e., there was no difference between groups that walked more than 10,000 steps per day, between 6,000 and 9,999 steps per day, or less than 5,999 steps per day. These findings suggest that daily walking activity, particularly exceeding 10,000 steps, may contribute to improved body composition by reducing body fat. However, walking activity alone does not appear to significantly influence muscle strength or lower body endurance.
This study highlights the importance of maintaining sufficient physical activity for body composition management while emphasizing that additional interventions may be required to enhance physical fitness components such as muscle strength and endurance.

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