새 발굴 「금강사건국5년명 옥책 예불대참회문」의 구조와 성격 = The Structure and Characteristics of ‘The Great Repentance Text for Worshipping Ritual to the Buddha of the Jade Book Inscribed in the Fifth Year Since the Foundation of the Geumgang Temple,’ Newly Discovered

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

It is recorded that ‘The Great Repentance Text for Worshipping Ritual to the Buddha of the Jade Book Inscribed in the Fifth Year Since the Foundation of the Geumgang Temple’ (keumgang-sa kŏn’guk onyŏn-myŏng okch’aek yebul-dae-ch’amhoimun) was discovered at the site of temple ruins at Buyeo, Chungnam, in the early 1960s. At that location there is a site of Geumgang Temple, so there is a possibility that it was authentic, but to ensure its authenticity, further examination is necessary.
The Jade Book (okch’aek) is composed of 21 leaves of jade and two poles of jade. The 21 jade leaves are of the same size (30 cm in height, 5.3 cm in width, and 0.8 cm in thickness) and had two holes at both the top and the bottom, each with a diameter of 0.7 cm. The pole is 29 cm in height, 2.7 cm in diameter, and 30 cm in height, 2.7 cm in diameter with one hole of 0.5 cm in the upper and lower part. The original shape of the jade book was combined by connecting through holes. It has been well preserved, yet dirt or mud was washed away from it. Rust that had accumulated for a long period of time remains in the holes.
The Great Repentance Text for Worshipping Ritual to the Buddha(yebul-tae-ch’amhoimun) inscribed in this jade book symbolizes a practice of Buddhist faith. Interestingly, while it was popular in Korea no examples of this practice appear in China or Japan. Also, the repentance text inscribed in this okch’aek is being recited currently in the temples. The jade book belonged to royalty, wherein the wishes of the king or queen were contained in the dynasty period. Because of this characteristic, it was a sublime work from the jade in terms of writing style and inscription.
The characteristics in the composition of repentance and inscribed writing style are as follows.
First, the jade of this Okch’aek is a stone from the Gongju area. This kind of jade is one of the three great jades in Korea, and is Williamsite jade, which is being produced to this day around Chungnam Province. The site of Geumgang Temple is near Gongju. So the book may have been made in the temple, because it would make sense for this to have been inscribed near where the jade was excavated.
Second, this whole text of the Okch’aek was inscribed with gold. Usually the other jade books were also inscribed in gold.
Third, ‘The Great Repentance Text for Worshipping Ritual to the Buddha’ was composed of several sutras, including the Flower Garland Sutra. It was recited while people prostrated 108 times to the Buddha for repentance rituals.
Fourth, it was made in the fifth year after rebuilding the temple. Judging from the writing style, it is presumed to have been a work made later than the mid-Koryo Dynasty.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 국문 초록
• Ⅰ. 서언
• Ⅱ. 〈건국5년명 옥책참회문〉의 출토
• Ⅲ. 「건국5년명 옥책참회문」의 구조와 성격
• Ⅳ. 「예불대참회문」과 「건국5년명 예불대참회문」
• Ⅳ. 「건국5년명 옥책참회문」의 제작연대
• Ⅴ. 결어
• Abstract
• 참고 문헌