산업의 국유화와 인민경제의 계획화 : 공업을 중심으로 = The Nationalization of Major Industry and Planning of People's Economy

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

<Abstract>This paper explores the nationalization of major industry and the economic planning of the people
during the post-liberation era. Specifically, this paper examines the impact of the industrial policies i
nstituted by the Soviet Military Government.Following liberation, the industry of North Korea was on the verge of serious crisis with a high rate of
dependence on imports of materials, resources, and equipment. As of October 1945, approximately 60
percent of whole industries were coming to a standstill. The Soviet Military Government took steps to
normalize North Korean production under close cooperation with the People's Republic. They directly
intervened in industrial management and appointed industrial consultants who were exclusively responsible
for controlling military and heavy industry.Industrial policies of the Soviet Military Government caused suspicions of their real intent, especially from
the North Korean elite. To soothe their anti-Soviet sentiment, the Soviet government completely changed
their industrial policy and transferred industry, transportation, communication and banks previously owned
by the Japanese to North Koreans.Since nationalization, all activities of the industrial section were under the direct control of the Office Industry.
An organization SYSTEM for planning was established. In national enterprises, unique managing SYSTEM and
independent profit SYSTEM were introduced.From 1947 to 1948, all activities of North Korea's industry were accomplished under the one and only People's
Economic Plan. Basic direction of the People's Economic Plan included a changeover from a military industry
into peacetime industry and light industry and necessities of life were rapidly devoloped. The growth rate of
total industrial output of North Korea was highly maintained. However, the entire industry of North Korea could not
recover to the same level as in 1944.In the economic policy, the People's Republic concentrated on nationalization of the economy. They guaranteed
heavy industry first and made all possible efforts to develop light industry in order to raise the standard of living.Key Words: North Korea, Industry, Nationalization, Planning People's-Economy.