한국 어린이의 근시 유병률과 근시 진행에 영향을 미치는 요인 = The Prevalence of Myopia and the Factors Affecting Myopia Progression in Korean Children

국문 초록 (Abstract)

목적: 한국 어린이의 근시 유병률을 조사하고 근시 진행에 영향을 미치는 요인을 평가하였다. 방법: 제7기 국민건강영양조사에 참여한 총 16,703명(8.94±1.90세, 남: 54.8%, 여: 45.2%)의 어린이를 대상으로 분석하였다. 굴절이상은 조절마비제 사용없이 자동굴절검사기기(KR-8800)를 이용 하여 측정하였다. 결과: 5~12세 어린이의 근시 유병률은 55.6%였고, 어린이 근시 진행에 영향을 미치는 요인은 7~9세 연령(OR=1.67; 95% CI, 1.36-2.16; p<0.000), 10~12 세 연령(OR=2.25; 95% CI, 1.66-3.10; p<0.000), 체질량지수(R=0.98; 95% CI, 0.9-0.99; p<0.000), 부모 모두 근시(OR=3.07; 95% CI, 2.86-3.29; p<0.000), 하루에 4시간 이상 근거리 작업 활동(OR=1.23; 95% CI, 1.15-1.33; p<0.000), 가장 높은 가계소득 그룹(OR=1.74, 95% CI, 1.55-1.96; p<0.000), 농촌 거주 (OR=0.87; 95% CI, 0.83-0.92; p<0.000) 등으로 나타났다. 결론: 한국 어린이의 근시 유병률은 글로벌 추세와 비교하면 매우 높게 나타났으며 어린이의 근시 진행은 계속될 것으로 예상할 수 있다. 연구의 결과는 어린이의 근시 진행을 완화하기 위한 효과적인방법에 많은 관심이 필요한 시점임을 시사한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Purpose: To examine the prevalence of myopia and to evaluate the factors affecting the progression of myopia in Korean children. Methods: A total of 16,703 children (8.94±1.90 years, male: 54.8%, female: 45.2%) who participated in the 7th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, were analyzed. Refractive error was determined with an auto-refractor-keratometer (KR-8800) without cycloplegia. Results: The prevalence of myopia in children, aged 5~12 years, was 55.6%. The factors influencing myopia progression in children included onset age between 7~9 years (OR=1.67; 95% CI, 1.36-2.16; p<0.000), onset age between 10~12 years (OR=2.25; 95% CI, 1.66-3.10; p<0.000), body mass index (R=0.98; 95% CI, 0.9-0.99; p<0.000), both parents with myopia (OR=3.07; 95% CI, 2.86-3.29; p<0.000), near-work activity for more than 4 hours per day (OR=1.23; 95% CI, 1.15-1.33; p<0.000), children from families with the highest household income (OR=1.74, 95% CI, 1.55-1.96; p<0.000), and those from rural residences (OR=0.87; 95% CI, 0.83-0.92; p<0.000). Conclusions: The prevalence of myopia in Korean children was very high compared to the global trend. Myopia progression in children is expected to continue. The results suggest that effective methods to mitigate myopia progression in children should be the focus of much needed attention.

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