저식염 고추장 저장시 항균물질 혼합첨가의 영향 = Effect of Combined Use of Anti-microbial Materials on Storage of Low Salted Kochujang

국문 초록 (Abstract)

저식염 고추장 제조시 알콜 또는 알콜에 겨자나 키토산을 혼합 첨가한 고추장을 1년간 숙성시켜, $30^{\circ}C$에서 12주간 저장하면서 미생물상과 이화학적 특성 변화를 비교하였다. 고추장의 amylase 활성은 저장 중에 급격히 감소하였고, 저온살균 처리구에서 낮았다. 산성 protease 활성은 저장 중에 증가하였으나 중성 protease는 저장 4주 이후에 서서히 감소하였다. 고추장 중의 효모수는 저장 중에 조금 증가하였으나 세균수는 감소하는 경향이었고, 시험구간의 차이는 없었다. 고추장의 색은 저장 중에 a값은 감소하였으나 L-과 b-값은 저장 4주에 증가한 후에 감소하였고, ${\Delta}E$값의 변화는 4주에 제일 심하였다. 고추장의 수분과 수분활성도는 저장 중에 감소하였으며 수분활성도는 부원료 첨가구들에서 높았다. 고추장의 pH는 저장 중에 저하하였으나, 적정산도는 저장 4주 이후에는 감소하였으며 알콜에 겨자나 키토산을 혼합 첨가한 고추장에서 높았다. 산화환원전위는 저장 4주에 증가하였으나 그 이후에는 감소하였고 부원료 첨가구에서 낮았다. 총당과 환원당은 저장 중에 감소하였으나 부원료 첨가구에서 높았다. 알콜은 저장 중에 증가하나 알콜 첨가구들은 감소하였다. 아미노태 질소와 암모니아태 질소 함량은 저장 중에 감소하였으며 부원료 첨가 고추장에서 아미노태 질소 함량이 낮았다. 따라서 부원료를 첨가한 저식염 고추장을 장기간 숙성시키면 저장 중에 가스 발생이 없어 유통 중에 포장용기의 파열이나 변색이 적고, 환원당과 아미노태 질소의 감소가 적어 품질저하 요인이 상대적으로 적은 것으로 판단되었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Effect of combined use of anti-microbial materials, such as alcohol, mustard and chitosan, or pasteurization on the quality of low salted kochujang was investigated during storage at $30^{\circ}C$ for 12 weeks. Activity of amylase decreased during storage, with lower activity in pasteurized kochujang than the other groups. Acidic protease activity increased during storage, but neutral protease activity decreased after 4 weeks. Viable cells of yeast increased during storage, but bacterial counts decreased gradually and did not show any remarkable difference among the test groups. Hunter a-values decreased as storage time increased, whereas L- and b-values decreased after 4 weeks and the degree of increase in total color difference (${\Delta}E$) was low in the supplementary ingredients added kochujang. The moisture contents and water activities decreased during storage with being lower in supplementary ingredients added groups. Titratable acidity of kochujang was decreased after 4 weeks of storage with the highest in combination of the supplementary ingredients added group. Oxidation-reduction potential was low in the supplementary ingredients added kochujang. Total sugar and reducing sugar contents of kochujang decreased during storage, with the highest contents in the supplementary ingredients added group. Ethanol content of kochujang increased during storage, whereas ethanol production was reduced in ethanol added one. Amino-nitrogen and ammonia-nitrogen contents decreased during storage with being lower in kochujang prepared with supplementary ingredients. Therefore, supplementary ingredients added kochujang would be effective for extending shelf-life of kochujang.

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