의치상용 레진의 연마방법과 pH 농도에 따른 색조변화 = The effect of polishing procedure and pH on the color change of denture base resin

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 의치상용 레진의 연마방법과 pH 농도가 의치의 표면에서 일어나는 색조변화에 어떤 영향을 주는 지 알아보고자 하였다. 10 x 10 x 4 mm 크기의 열중합 의치상용 레진 시편을 제작하여, 제작 후 아무런 표면 연마과정을 거치지 않은 군(G0), 의치기공용 버(acrylic carbide bur, silicone rubber points, brush wheel 등)와 핸드피스를 이용하여 연마한 군(G1), 핸드피스를 이용하여 연마한 후 치과용 고속연마기(lathe)를 사용하여 루즈(rouge)를 도포한 군(G2)으로 준비하였다. G0, G1, G2 세 그룹의 시편은 서로 다른 완충용액(pH 2, pH 4, pH7, pH 9.18)과 염색약을 섞은 용액에 14일간 침전시켰다. 원자현미경(AFM; atomic force microscope)을 이용하여 표면조도(Ra)를 측정하였고, 디지털 현미경을 통해 표면을 관찰하였으며, 분광측색계(spectrophotometer)를 이용하여 측정한 CIE Lab 색공간 수치를 통해 색조를 평가하였다.
디지털 현미경으로 관찰하였을 때, 표면 연마과정이 진행되지 않은 G0 표면에서 가장 많은 염색약 침착이 관찰되었고, 그 다음으로 G2, G1 순으로 관찰되었다. pH 9.18을 제외한 다른 pH에서 G0가 G1과 G2 보다 유의한 색차(ΔE*)를 보였다. 동일한 그룹의 pH에 따른 색차를 비교하였더니, 세 그룹 모두 pH 9.18의 용액에서 가장 적은 색조변화를 보였다. 특히, G0 그룹의 pH 7.0, pH 2.0에서 침전 후 가장 뚜렷한 색차를 보였으며(P < 0.05). G1과 G2는 서로 다른 pH 농도에서의 색차 사이에 유의성을보이지 않았다(P > 0.05).
표면조도가 높은 의치상레진 시편이 표면조도가 낮은 의치상레진 시편에 비해 침전 후 뚜렷한 색조변화를 보였다. 또한, 염기성의 pH 보다는 중성이나 산성의 pH에서 침전 후 뚜렷한 색조변화를 보였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of polishing procedure and pH on the color change of denture base resin. Heat-cured denture resin specimens (10 x 10 x 4 mm) were prepared with three surface roughness levels: G0 (non-polished), G1 (polished with acrylic carbide bur, silicone rubber points and brush wheel), G2 (additional polishing and buffing with lathe, pumice and rouge compound). Each specimen of G0, G1, G2 was immersed in a staining solution with four different acidic conditions (pH 2, pH 4, pH7, pH 9.18) for 14 days. Surface roughness (Ra) was measured with AFM (atomic force microscope) and the surface was inspected with a digital microscope. Color change (ΔE*) was quantified using a spectrophotometer in CIE Lab color space.
After immersion, inspection with the digital microscope showed most stain in G0, followed by G2 and G1. G0 have shown significantly higher color change (ΔE*) after immersion than G1 and G2 in different pH solutions other than pH 9.18. In the results of the color change estimation in each group with different pH solutions, all groups showed the least color change in pH 9.18 solution. The highest color change after immersion was observed in G0, pH 7.0 solution and G0, pH 2.0 solution (P<0.05). G1 and G2 showed no significant color change among different pH solutions (P>0.05).
Denture base resin specimen with higher surface roughness showed more significant color change after immersion compared to specimen with lower surface roughness. More significant color changes were observed after immersion in acidic and neutral pH solution than in alkaline solution.

참고문헌 (Reference)

• 1 황성식 ; 임용운 ; 김시철 ; 한민수, "연마 과정에 따른 열중합 의치상 레진의 표면 거칠기 평가" 대한치과기공학회 37 (37): 205-212, 2015
• 2 이영일 ; 조인호 ; 이준석, "여러가지 음식물에 따른 인공치의 색 안정성에 관한 연구" 대한치과보철학회 47 (47): 82-90, 2009
• 3 정유진 ; 임주환 ; 조인호 ; 임헌송, "식용색소에 의한 CEROMER 수복물의 색안정성" 대한치과보철학회 41 (41): 136-147, 2003
• 4 전열매 ; 임헌송 ; 신수연, "발효음식이 의치상레진의 색상 및 표면경도 변화에 미치는 영향" 대한치과보철학회 42 (42): 344-355, 2004
• 5 Ivkovic N, "The residual monomer in dental acrylic resin and its adverse effects" IV : 84-91, 2013
• 6 Morgan TD, "The effects of surface roughness and type of denture acrylic on biofilm formation by Streptococcus oralis in a constant depth film fermentor" 91 (91): 47-53, 2001
• 7 Berger JC, "Surface roughness of denture base acrylic resins after processing and after polishing" 15 (15): 180-186, 2006
• 8 Liporoni P, "Surface finishing of resin-modified glass ionomer" 51 (51): 541-543, 2003
• 9 Um CM, "Staining of resin-based veneering materials wi th cof fee and tea" 22 (22): 377-386, 1991
• 10 Baliga S, "Salivary pH : A diagnostic biomarker" 17 (17): 461-465, 2013
• 11 Koran A III, "Restorative Dental Materials" Mosby 635-689, 2002
• 12 Bagheri R, "Influence of food-simulating solutions and surface finish on susceptibility to staining of aesthetic restorative materials" 33 (33): 389-398, 2005
• 13 Donovan TE, "Esthetic considerations in removable prosthodontics" 13 (13): 241-253, 2001
• 14 Polyzois GL, "Denture cleansing habits. A survey" 28 (28): 171-173, 1983
• 15 May KB, "Denture base resins : comparison study of color stability" 68 (68): 78-82, 1992
• 16 Rudd KD, "Dental Laboratory Procedures, Vol. 3" Mosby 394-397, 1981
• 17 Bollen CM, "Comparison of surface roughness of oral hard materials to the threshold surface roughness for bacterial plaque retention : a review of the literature" 13 (13): 258-269, 1997
• 18 McLundie AC, "Comparison of methods used in finishing composite resin-a scanning electron microscope study" 31 (31): 163-171, 1974
• 19 Shotwell JL, "Color stability of long-term soft denture liners" 68 (68): 836-838, 1992
• 20 Wang X, "Color stability of heat-activated and chemically activated fluid resin acrylics" 5 (5): 266-269, 1996
• 21 Mutlu-Sagesen L, "Color stability of different denture teeth materials : an in vitro study" 43 (43): 193-205, 2001
• 22 Hollis S, "Color stability of denture resins after staining and exposure to cleansing agents" 114 (114): 709-714, 2015
• 23 Buyukyilmaz S, "Color stability of denture base polymers" 7 (7): 372-382, 1994
• 24 Hersek N, "Color stability of denture base acrylic resins in three food colorants" 81 (81): 375-379, 1999
• 25 Ruyter IE, "Color stability of dental composite resin materials for crown and bridge veneers" 3 (3): 246-251, 1987
• 26 Lee YJ, "Color stability of ceromers after thermocycling and brushing" 39 (39): 37-48, 2001
• 27 O'Donnell EF, "Chairside polishing of heat-cured acrylic resin : an SEM and EDA study" 16 (16): 233-238, 2003
• 28 Johnston WM, "Assessment of appearance match by visual observation and clinical colorimetry" 68 (68): 819-822, 1989
• 29 Alshahrani FA, "An Updated Review of Salivary pH Effects on Polymethyl Methacrylate(PMMA)-Based Removable Dental Prostheses" 14 : 2022
• 30 Kuehni RG, "An Experiment in Visual Scaling of Small Color Differences" 4 (4): 83-91, 1979
• 31 Humphrey SP, "A review of saliva : normal composition, flow, and function" 85 (85): 162-169, 2001
• 32 Ogle RE, "A new visible light-cured resin system applied to removable prosthodontics" 56 (56): 497-506, 1986
• 33 Wang RL, "A comparison of resins for fabricating provisional fixed restorations" 2 (2): 173-184, 1989