국내 천연기념물 현무암체들의 형성시기와 암석학적 특징 = Numerical Ages and Petrological Characteristics of the Basalts designated as Natural Monument, Korea

국문 초록 (Abstract)

역사, 학술 및 경관적 우수성을 인정받아 천연기념물로 지정된 지질유산들 중 주상절리, 현무암 협곡, 베개용암, 맨틀 포획암 등의 다양한 현상들을 나타내는 현무암질 암석들의 형성시기와 암석학적 특징을 고찰해 보았다. 연구대상 천연기념물은 추가령 단층계를 따라 분포하는 한탄강현무암의 ‘한탄강 대교천 현무암 협곡’, '포천 한탄강 현무암 협곡과 비둘기낭 폭포', ‘포천 아우라지 베개용암’, 백령도 진촌현무암의 ‘옹진 백령도 진촌리 맨틀포획암 분포지’, 포항 달전현무암의 ‘포항 달전리 주상절리’, 경주 어일현무암의 ‘경주 양남 주상절리군’, 제주 대포동현무암의 ‘제주 중문·대포해안 주상절리대’ 등 총 7곳이다. 이들은 신생대 신진기 마이오세에서 제4기 플라이스토세에 이르는 다양한 연령을 보여주었다. 주원소 조성에서 포천 한탄강현무암은 대체로 조면현무암, 달전현무암은 포노테프라이트, 제주 대포동현무암은 알칼리 계열의 현무암, 어일현무암은 비알칼리 계열의 현무암에 해당하며, 미량원소 조성에서 어일현무암 만 화산호 현무암의 특징을 보이고, 그 외 시료들은 해양도 현무암의 특징을 나타냈다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

We investigated the radiometric ages and petrological characteristics of basaltic rocks with columnar joints, basalt gorge, pillow lava, and mantle xenolith, from the geoheritages designated as Natural Monuments of Korea in recognition of their historical, academic, and scenic excellence. A total of 7 Natural Monuments were selected. They are ‘Basalt gorge along Daegyocheon Stream of Hantangang River’, ‘Basalt gorge and Bidulginangpokpo Falls of Hantangang River, Pocheon’, ‘Pillow lava in Auraji, Pocheon’ distributed along the Chugaryeong Fault System, ‘Peridotite xenolith-bearing basalt in Jinchon-ri Baengnyeongdo Island, Ongjin’, ‘Columnar joint in Daljeon-ri, Pohang’, ‘Columnar joint in Yangnam, Gyeongju’, and ‘Columnar joint along Jungmun and Daepo Coasts, Jeju’. They ranged in age from the Cenozoic Neogene Miocene to the Quarternary Pleistocene. Based on the composition of major elements, Hantangang Basalt corresponded to trachybasalt, Daljeon Basalt to phonotephrite, Eoil Basalt to sub-alkaline basalt, and Daepodong Basalt to alkaline basalt. And in the composition of trace and rare earth elements, only Eoil Basalt showed the characteristics of arc basalt, while the others showed the characteristics of oceanic island basalt.

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