環境管理에 대한 理論的 論議와 環境質의 內容 = Environmental Management and Environmental Quality, Their Meanings and Contents

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper aims to argue theoretically the environmental management by the government and also to investigate the contents of environmental quality as the object of environmental management.
The reason why the government has to improve environmental quality and to solve environmental problems is that the government itself is the main organization which takes public responsibility for environmental problems and governmental activities have an important effect on the environment directly or indirectly, at the same the government play an important role as the creator of the liveable environment.
The argument about the environmental management by the government didn't begin until it was the late of 1960s in America and the late of 1970s in Japan. The reason for which the environmental management argued in recently is that the environmental problem resulted from the man who lives in become intensified in recently, and that the solution is urgent. By the way, up to the present the environmental management is subject to prevent pollution, however, in these days the environmental management is striving to not only prevent the pollution but to improve the whole environmental quality including the quiety, beauty and historical ad cultural environment, the whole eco-system.
And so environmental management has to include not only the control to the human behavior for the whole environment but the shaping purposive environment and the managerial activities to the environment itself.
The debate on the environmental management is about the development and the conservation of the environment, that is, the standpoint of the development, environmental conservation and the harmonizing the two.
The main interests of the man with the standpoint of the development consist in the improvement in the life quality through the material wealth. And though the development effect on the restruction of environment, that is not the direct cause. The development has to be promoted actively, if the social profits are larger than the loss on the development. Because the society make that much profits on it. And the destroyed environment can compensate the loss with the profits that much.
On the one hand, the man who emphasis on the environmental conservation is taking a serious view of more environmental conservation than the development and economical growth because they are the reason for the destruction, the pollution, the harm resulted in the decrease in the environmental quality, through the hindrance of eco-system of the basis of man's survival and the damage of the amenity.
The other hand, the man with the standpoint of the harmonizing the development and the environmental conservation properly is a arguing that the development and the environmental conservation must have to be harmonized because the life of the man is not persisted only by the economic wealth or the spiritual richness, the development and the conservation must have to be properly harmonized.
Therefore the development must be done after due consideration of the ecological limits of the environment to achieve the material wealth and the spiritual richness from the environmental conservation.
The method to elucidate the systematic and circular process of the environmental management for the solution of environmental problems is that to discover the distinguishable and the functional stage to be found.
From the view point of the solution to the ecological environment, the process of the environmental management is classified into four stages.
At the goal-setting stage, the desirable level of the environmental quality is set. At the planning stage the detail design of the environmental management is set up through the monitoring and the assessment on the environment.
In this way the designed environmental management plan appear in concrete activity through governmental organization.
The environmental management don't terminate to implementation but evaluate whether or not the planned level of environmental quality to be achieved. And the result id feeded back to the goal setting again.
And then, what is the contents of Environment Quality?
The first stage of environmental quality is about ecological safety to preserve the one's body and life as the living being. The second stage is condition without pollution.
The third is about amenity, that is, quiety, clearness. The fourth stages is the conservation of historical and cultural relics created by the predecessors.
And the last fifth stage is the environmental quality in which the man can create the beauty, culture and art.
According as the human need and the standard of living improve this kind of environmental quality is in demanded.
The contents of environmental quality under the consideration of human activities imply the condition of human existence including social and intellectual life.
The condition of human existence is the one in order to preserve the human life and body.
The condition of the social life is the one in order to realize the existential value as Homo Sapiens.
When the condition of human life in these environment has met, the man can show to the best of his ability and confirm his existence in that environment.
And so, the environmental management has to realize the contents of environmental quality under consideration of the human need and the condition of human activities.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• <目次> = 113
• Ⅰ. 序論 = 113
• Ⅱ. 環境管理의 意義와 理論的 論爭 = 114
• 1. 環境管理의 意義 = 114
• 2. 環境管理에 대한 理論的 論爭 = 115
• Ⅲ. 環境管理의 基本的 槪念 「틀」 = 120
• Ⅳ. 環境管理目標로서의 環境質의 內容 = 122
• 1. 環境質의 意義 = 122
• 2. 環境質의 內容 = 124
• Ⅴ. 結論 = 129
• -Abstract- = 131
• 註 = 134