외국의 탁아사업의 역사에 관한 고찰 = Study on History of Day Care Service in Foreign Countries

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Because there is a mature language acquisition device(LAD) in language acquisition, it is often said that until 4-5, the infants are internally prepared to absorb the sounds, words, grammar and so on critically. So, various methods to help language development must be prepared in one's infancy on the basis of phonetics, the essence of language.
This study was designed to investigate the different effect between intensive and integrative teaching method of phonetic language on the acquisition of infants' phonetic language.
120 infants who had the similar language environment(parent's academic level, age, the experience of kindergarden, the priority of birth) were sampled from city and country. They were identified to have the same entry skills by the homogeniety test. T and ANOVE test were used to compare the effect between the class taught 20 min. per day and the class taught everyday in the whole work.
Construction game which can be chosen actively, vocabulary and sentence which are fit to the stage fo devolopment were used. And according to the patterns of language experience on daily life, various media were used. The stages of lesson plan of the phonetic language were synthesized the David DeCamp(1969)'s teaching process of phoneic language which is structually systematized the cognitive theory and selectice theroy ( recongition -imitation -explanation comparision contrast-repetition exercise-conbination, dilogue-free conversation)with Taylor(1973)'s hearing process(to be heard-hearing-understanding). Speaking and listening were tried at the same. The objectives of phonetic language(speaking, hearing) in language domain presented in the curriculum of kindergarten were analysed and developed according to the subject of a week.
To investigate the effect of the acquisition of phonetic language according to the patterns of teaching, summative evaluation was implemented. And the results were as follows.
First, in the effect of the teaching method of infants' phoneic language the effect of intensive teaching method was higher than integrative teaching method.
Second, in the effect of the teaching method of infants' phoneic language both the infants of city and country were high. But the infants of city were higher than the country. Especially, the infants of city expressed well to the object and situation, but no signfant difference is comprehension(heraring).
Third, there is no significant sexual difference, but male infants are superior in the ability of word transformation and substitution according to the situation. Female infants are superior in the ability which pronounce the words exactly and relate the.
In comprehension(hearing), male infants are distracted and female infants are superior in the discrimination ability.
In this study, the importance of the opportunity of language exposure and the interaction of teacher's language model was recognized. It is thought that for the generalization of language education these must be studied specifically.
The ability of language acquisition is developed with sufficient time. But if the results of the effect of intensive phonetic language teaching are examined during short time, it can be seen that the period of infant is sensitive to the language absorbtion. For the qualitative effect of this program it is necessary to develop the program to cultivate the competent teachers. If the intensive thaching method which centered game is implemented, it seems that the language of infants is much more elaborated and basic skills fo the comprehension(hearing) and expression (speaking) of language are sufficiently developed to the infants.
Two Centuries ago, home was the only place for child care in any countries.
Day care service started to protect poor Child of rural community.
Industrial revolution increased the need for day care service.
Since the first Kindergarten in the world was found in Germany on 1940 by F.W. Frobel, the concern of early Childhood education was effective to increasing the need of day care services.
Economic Panic and World war turned the need of day care to the public responsibility and expanded its role.
Modern industrial society could be developed by assuring woman's right to labor and right to development of children.