유기, 무기 및 미생물학적 안정화제가 비소 및 중금속의 벼 전이에 미치는 영향 = The Effects of Organic, Inorganic, and Microbiological Stabilizers on the Transfer of Arsenic and Heavy Metals to Rice Plant

국문 초록 (Abstract)

안정화 공법이 토양 내 As 및 중금속의 작물 전이에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위해 안정화제를 적용한 오염 토양에 벼를 재배하는 포트 실험을 수행하였다. 안정화제는 유기 안정화제로 바이오차, 무기 안정화제로 석회석·제강슬래그 혼합물, 미생물학적 안정화제로 황산염환원균(SRB)을 사용하였다. 토양수 분석 결과, 실험종료(153일) 시점에 미생물학적 안정화제 조건에서 Pb, Cu, Cd의 높은 안정화 효율을 보였으며, SRB와 SO42-가 함께 주입된 조건에서 더 높은 효율을 나타내었다. 안정화제 투입 조건에서 벼의 줄기, 잎, 왕겨로의 Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd의 전이가 감소하였으며, 특히 왕겨에서 Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd의 안정화 효율은 유기 안정화제가 30~65%, 무기 안정화제가 23~69%로 미생물학적 안정화제보다 높은 안정화 효율을 보였다. 이 연구는 논토양에서 작물로의 중금속 전이를 저감할 때, 널리 사용되는 안정화제인 석회석, 제강슬래그, 바이오차의 대체 또는 보조 안정화제로서 SRB가 효과적으로 적용될 수 있는 가능성을 나타낸다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

To assess the effectiveness of stabilization techniques on the transfer of As and heavy metals in soil to rice plant, pot experiments were conducted using organic (biochar), inorganic (limestone-steel slag mixture), and microbiological (sulfate-reducing bacteria, SRB) stabilizers. The results showed that microbiological treatments, particularly when SRB and SO4 2- were co-injected, achieved higher stabilization efficiencies for Pb, Cu, and Cd in soil solution by the end of the experiments (153 days). The transfer of Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd to the rice stems, leaves, and husks was reduced across all stabilization treatments. Notably, in husks, the stabilization efficiencies of Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd ranged from 30% to 65% for organic stabilizers and 23% to 69% for inorganic stabilizers, surpassing those achieved with microbiological stabilizers. This study highlighted the potential of SRB as an effective alternative or supplementary stabilizer to conventional options such as limestone, steel slag, and biochar in reducing the transfer of heavy metals to crops in paddy soils.

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