국가 대표성 있는 설문 조사에서의 성소수자 정체성 측정 필요성: 국내외 현황 검토와 측정 문항 제안 = Importance of Collecting Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Information in Nationally Representative Surveys of South Korea: A review of current status and measurement development

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 한국 성소수자의 건강과 삶에 대한 체계적인 이해를 위해 국가통계체계에서 수집되는 국가 대표성 있는 설문 조사에 성소수자 정체성을 측정하는 문항이 포함될 필요가 있다는 문제의식을 바탕으로 성소수자 정체성 측정 문항과 관련한 국내외 현황을 검토하고, 이를 바탕으로 한국어 성적지향 및 성별정체성 측정 문항을 제안하고자 했다. 미국과 캐나다, 영국의 국가통계 사례를 검토한 결과, 각 국가의 국가통계에 포함된 다양한 설문 조사에 성적지향 또는 성별정체성 문항이 포함되어 있었다. 하지만 국내의 경우, 통계청 승인통계에 포함된 조사통계 전수의 설문지를 체계적으로 검토한 결과, 전국의 개인 및 가구를 대상으로 한 조사통계 129건 중 2021년을 기준으로 참여자의 성적지향 및 성별정체성 문항을 측정하고 있는 조사는 전무했다. 연구팀은 선행연구의 권고와 국외 설문 조사에서 실제 활용되는 영어 문항을 검토하여 한국어 성적지향 및 성별정체성 측정 문항을 개발하고, 6명의 전문가 자문과 연구팀 논의를 거쳐 확정된 안을 제안했다. 한국 성소수자의 건강에 대한 과학적 이해와 이를 증진 시키기 위한 정책적 개입을 위하여 향후 국가가 수행하는 설문 조사에 성소수자 정체성을 측정하는 문항이 포함되어야 한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aimed to review current status of collecting sexual orientation and gender identity information in nationally representative surveys of South Korea and foreign countries and suggest the Korean version of the measurements based on the review. As a result of reviewing the surveys of the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom, we identified that a total of 33 surveys have included questions assessing participants’ sexual orientation and/or gender identity. In Korea, however, no survey has assessed participants’ sexual orientation and gender identity among 129 nationally representative surveys included in the official statistics of Korea, as of 2021. The research team developed a set of Korean sexual orientation and gender identity measurements based on the suggestions from previous literature and the review of questions included in foreign surveys and suggested a final version through a process of six experts’ consultations and internal discussions. For a systematic understanding of the health and lives of the Korean sexual and gender minority populations and policy intervention based on such understanding, it is necessary to collect sexual orientation and gender identity information in national representative surveys.

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