지방정부서비스가 주민행복에 미치는 영향: 주거영역 삶의 질의 조절효과에 대한 검증을 중심으로 = A Study on the Moderating Effect of Quality of Life on the Relationship between Public Service Satisfaction and Citizens Happiness

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study explores the effects of public service satisfaction on citizen happiness, focusing in particular on the moderating role of residential quality of life. Most studies are based on the assumption of a linear relationship between public service satisfaction and happiness and have not taken into consideration the possibility that the strength of the relationship can differ depending on a citizen’s quality of life. This study uses survey data to investigate the hypothesis that the effects of public service satisfaction are not equal among residents with different quality of life. This hypothesis is theoretically derived from the debate between Easterlin’s relative utility approach and Veenhoven’s absolute utility approach. The results show that citizens with higher satisfaction with public service are happier, on average. In addition, the effect of satisfaction with public service was found to be larger for citizens with lower residential quality of life. The latter finding suggests the possibility that both theoretical approaches could be ambivalent. From a practical point of view, this finding also provides empirical evidence supporting the argument that government policies can be differentiated to enhance the happiness of different target groups.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 지방정부서비스 만족도가 주민행복에 미치는 영향을 삶의 질의 조절작용을 중심으로 분석하였다. 정부서비스와 행복 사이의 관계에 대한 대부분의 연구들은 양자의 관계에 있어서 직선관계를 가정하고, 개인들이 현재 누리고 있는 삶의 질의 수준에 따라서 관계의 강도가 달라질 수 있다는 점을 간과하고 있다. 이스털린과 빈호벤의 효용에 대한 상대성과 절대성 논쟁은 바로 이 조절효과에 대한 논쟁이라고 해도 과언이 아니다. 본 연구에서는 이를 검증하기 위하여 주거 상태 삶의 질 수준에 따라서 주거 관련 지방정부 서비스만족도가 행복에 미치는 영향이 달라지는지 여부를 전국 단위 서베이 자료를 통하여 분석하였다. 분석결과, 지방정부 서비스만족도가 높을수록 주민들의 행복도가 올라가는 것과 함께, 삶의 질 수준이 낮은 집단이 높은 집단에 비해서 지방정부 서비스만족도가 행복에 미치는 영향이 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 절대적 효용이론과 상대적 효용이론이 모두 타당할 수 있음을 보여주는 것이며, 정부가 정책을 실시할 때 정책대상 집단에 따라서 개입의 정도가 달라질 수 있다는데 대한 하나의 근거가 될 수 있다.

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