동녕부 정벌과 요동 정벌 전후 이성계의 리더십 변화: 상황적 리더십 이론의 역사·정치적 적용 = The Evolution of Yi Seong-gye’s Leadership in the Dongnyeongbu Campaign and before and after the Liaodong Expedition: A Historical and Political Application of Situational Leadership Theory

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study analyzes changes in Yi Seong-gye’s leadership during the period between the 1370 Dongnyeongbu campaign and before and after the 1388 Liaodong expedition by applying situational leadership theory from a historical and political perspective. While previous studies have mainly focused on the political meaning of the Wihwado Retreat, the legitimacy of the founding of Joseon, and changes in the power structure of late Goryeo, this study examines how he adjusted his leadership style in response to changes in follower maturity and the domestic and external environment. To this end, the army, moderate reformist scholar-officials, and radical reformist scholar-officials are identified as the main follower groups. The study compares Yi’s leadership styles in relation to each group’s competence, commitment, and degree of political acceptance. In addition, although the common people were not direct organizational members or immediate targets of leadership application, they are analyzed as an important source of legitimacy and as a basis for the social acceptance of Yi’s leadership. The analysis shows that during the Dongnyeongbu campaign, Yi exercised a directing leadership style centered on carrying out royal orders and commanding military operations. In the period surrounding the Liaodong expedition and the Wihwado Retreat, however, he shifted toward a more persuasive leadership style in dealing with the army, while taking popular sentiment into account as a crucial source of political legitimacy. After the Wihwado Retreat, Yi employed persuasive and participatory leadership toward moderate reformist scholar-officials, while applying delegating leadership toward radical reformist scholar-officials by entrusting them with the design of a new state and the task of institutional reform.