증강현실 기법을 활용한 아동용 그림책 UI 디자인 비교연구

국문 초록 (Abstract)

하루가 다르게 출현하는 신기술에 압도되어 살고 있는 오늘날, 컴퓨터와 커뮤니케이션 혁명의 시대로의 반입하였다.

지난 20세기 중반 이래로 디지털 기술의 발달과 디자인의 접목으로 통합, 상호작용, 하이퍼미디어, 몰입, 서사맥락과 같은 멀티미디어 시대로의 도입과 그 중요성을 간과할 수 없다. 90년대 초부터 이루어진 컴퓨터 과학기술의 발전과 새로운 세상에 대한 확장은 예술과 과학기술이 산업과의 밀접한 연계성을 도래하였고 이는 디자인과 문화 산업의 패러다임의 구별을 해소시키고 세상에 대한 새로운 인식방식을 부과하였다.

이와 더불어 멀티미디어는 21세기 결정적 미디어로 인간과 컴퓨터의 상호작용을 이용한 의식촉발, 변화, 기억의 확장과 인지, 지능능력의 확대와 지식을 증가시키고 창의력을 향상하기 위한 방향으로 진행되고 있으며, 창의성이 가미된 미디어 시장이 창출되고 이에 비주얼 요소와 인간의 경험, 서비스, 환경 등 무형의 커뮤니케이션 환경을 디자인하는 것이 중요하게 대두되었다.

이미 1970년대부터 입증된 디자인의 가치의 창출은 명확한 비전을 제시해준다고 볼 수 있다.

새로 급부상중인 뉴미디어 환경에서 증강현실 인터페이스는 모든 산업분야에 적용될 수 있으며 증강현실은 실세계와 가상세계의 접합을 만들어냄으로써 극도의 시뮬레이션 리얼리티, 상호작용, 사용자 체험을 반영하며 새로운 미디어로써 급부상하고 있다. 아이덴티티와 이미지의 급격한 가치상승, 이에 본 연구는 급격히 변화하고 있는 미디어 환경 안에서의 증강현실 컨텐츠를 가지고 디자인의 환경, 속성, 아이덴티티, 비주얼, 체험, 영향 등에 대한 선행 이론들과 연구, 비교 분석을 해보고자 한다. 특히 이 중 아동을 위한 경험 요소가 적절히 반영되어있는 학습, 이야기, 재미 기반의 증강현실 그림책에 대하여 알아보고자 한다.

‘이야기를 진행하는 증강현실 이미지는 어떻게 디자인되어야 하는가?’ 이에 사용자와 컨텐츠에 대한 이해와 차별화된 비주얼, 가상공간에 대한 이해, 상호성, 경험 및 체험요소에 대한 연구가 필요할 것이다. 비주얼 이미지가 주는 탁월한 주목성과 환상성, 흥미 유발성으로 아동은 몰입감과 강한 인지력, 재미요소를 얻게 될 것이다. 또한 단순 읽기를 넘어서서 사물과 다른 사물에 대한 인식, 만지고 구동하고 감각과 상호 인터랙티브한 경험을 얻음으로써 환경과의 상호작용을 통한 체화과정을 거치게 될 것이다. 인간과 객채가 서로 혼연일체가 되어 활발한 상호작용(작용·반작용)을 일으킬수록 더욱 생생한 체험으로 유도하는 것으로 나타나며, 이는 증강·가상현실 재현에서 존재감·환상감과 더불어 1인칭적 경험을 넘어서 상호연계와 감각, 지각을 넘어 표현의 개입이 들어간다고 볼 수 있다. 또한 여기엔 가공의 세계에 시각, 청각, 촉각 외에도 후각, 미각 체험으로의 다중 감각의 활용이 가능하다.

체험은 과거 학습되어온 경험에 의거해 올바른 행동양식을 가져올 수 있다. 직접개입과 몰입도의 정도에 따라 무의식 상태, 인지 상태, 효과 상태(인상적 체험단계)로 구분되어지는데, 특히 새로운 상태, 대상으로의 직면과 지적 멘탈자극이 일어날 시에만 의식 상태로 체화되며, 이 때 효과상태(인상적 체험단계)에 돌입하게 된다. 증강현실의 체험은 사용자로 하여금 시공간감각의 배제와 자의식의 삭제단계에 돌입하는 ‘몰입(flow)를 경험할 수 있다. 이는 내제적 동기에 행태를 부여하고 활력을 불어넣으며, 위험이 적은 가상의 시뮬레이션 경험을 통한 지적 자극을 도출한다. 이로써 일련의 자극은 가상의 상황 인식과 문제해결을 통한 사회학습단계에 돌입하게 된다.

증강현실 그림책 디자인에서는 브랜드, 출판사, 유형 및 내용에 따라 아이덴티티를 확립시키고, 증강현실 부분에서 어떠한 매체를 활용하였는가, 투사 인식방식의 채택, 그리고 각 증강현실 그림책만의 증강현실 상호작용 인터랙션의 구축방식을 디자인한 것을 볼 수 있었다. 거기에 사용자 인터페이스 UI에 의한 메뉴, 아이콘, 캐릭터 선정 및 형태, 색상, Typo, 웹·SNS연동성 등에 의한 증강현실 어플리케이션의 색채를 확인할 수 있었다. 그림책의 경우는 판형과 사진, 일러스트레이션, Text에 의한 이미지 레이아웃을 선정 컨텐츠에 의한 등장인물 선정에 의한 각기 다른 디자인 차별화를 확인할 수 있었다. 선정 증강현실 그림책은 인터넷 쇼핑몰 ‘인터파크’의 높은 판매율에 따라 선정하였으며 증강현실 그림책의 컨텐츠, 증강현실 분류를 통하여 4개의 브랜드를 비교분석하였으며, 이를 통해 현재 증강현실 그림책 디자인에서 사용되어진 사용자 경험요소들을 확인할 수 있었고 디자인, 기술, 참여, 감각을 통한 높은 사용성을 요구하고 있었다.

마켓 리서치 기업 디지캐피털(Digi-Capital)은 미래 10대 주요 기술 중 하나인 증강현실 AR에 관련해서 2020년 1500억 달러 규모까지 성장가능성을 전망하고 있다.

따라서 지금까지 고찰한 선행 연구들을 바탕으로 본 연구에서는 2차원적 평면의 이미지와 증강현실이 활용된 체험형 이미지 그림책에 대한 분석 조사를 실시하였고, 정보 및 디자인에 따른 형성기 아동의 미적, 인지적, 정서적 능력 향상과 현대의 문화, 사회, 과학에 대한 이해를 높여 ‘인간 지능의 확장을 위한’ 디자인을 목적으로 한다.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• Ⅰ. 서론························································································1
• 1. 연구배경 및 목적·······································································1
• 2. 연구방법 및 범위······································································2
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경··············································································5
• 1. 증강현실·················································································7
• A. 증강현실의 정의··································································7
• B. 증강현실의 차원··································································8
• C. 증강현실 특성과 디스플레이 환경············································10
• D. 가상환경의 사용특성요소······················································14
• 2. 아동인지 특성·········································································15
• A. 아동의 개념······································································15
• B. 아동의 인지발달단계···························································16
• 3. 아동용 그림책·········································································20
• A. 아동용 그림책의 역사··························································20
• B. 아동용 그림책의 정의 및 성격················································22
• Ⅲ. 아동용 증강현실 그림책 현황······················································23
• 1. 증강현실책 사례조사·································································23
• A. 매직북············································································23
• B. AR 코드 기반 증강현실 그림책··············································24
• C. 이미지기반(NFT) 증강현실 그림책···········································24
• D. 모니터기반 증강현실 그림책··················································25
• E. 증강현실 삽화집·································································26
• F. 증강현실 소설···································································27
• G. 증강현실 프로모션북···························································28
• H. 증강현실 놀이북································································29
• I. 증강현실 컬러링 북······························································30
• 2. 증강현실 그림책 연구································································31
• Ⅳ. 아동용 증강현실 그림책 분석······················································32
• 1. 증강현실 아동용 그림책 분석·······················································32
• A. 공룡은 살아있다································································34
• 1) 기본적 사항·································································34
• 2) 증강현실·····································································36
• 3) 어플리케이션 UI···························································39
• 4) Offline 책자·································································43
• B. 피터팬············································································46
• 1) 기본적 사항·································································46
• 2) 증강현실·····································································48
• 3) 어플리케이션 UI···························································53
• 4) Offline 책자·································································57
• C. 애코와 한글친구들······························································60
• 1) 기본적 사항·································································60
• 2) 증강현실·····································································62
• 3) 소프트웨어 UI······························································64
• 4) Offline 책자·································································67
• D. 동물이 살아있다································································69
• 1) 기본적 사항·································································69
• 2) 증강현실·····································································71
• 3) 어플리케이션 UI···························································73
• 4) Offline 책자·································································76
• 2. 종합 분석 결과········································································79
• Ⅴ. 결론······················································································87
• 1. 결론·····················································································87
• 참고문헌······················································································91