동아시아 지역해양환경보존협력: EASAP vs. NOWPAP의 제도적 발전에 대한 고찰 = Environmental Cooperation in East Asia for Regional Sea Preservation: A Comparative Review on Institutional Development of EASAP and NOWPAP

국문 초록 (Abstract)

남중국해의 환경보전을 위해 1981년 형성된 동아시아해양보존계획(EASAP)과 동북아시아 지역의 동해와 황해를 보전하기 위해 1994년 시작된 북서태평양보존계획(NOWPAP)은 모두 UNEP의 지역해양보존프로그램의 일환으로 수립되어 행동계획, 사무국, 신탁기금 등의 제도적 장치를 기본요소로, 법적 구속력을 가진 협약의 체결 가능성을 함축하고 있는 동아시아 지역해양환경 보존 레짐이다. EASAP과 NOWPAP은 동아시아 지역협력의 일반적 특성인 법적 구속력이 없는 협의를 지향하는 점에서는 같지만 그 제도적 발전 정도와 성과에서 차이를 보인다. NOWPAP이 지역활동센터, MOU체결 등의 상당한 제도적 발전을 보이고 있는데 비해 EASAP은 긴 역사에도 불구하고 협력의 성과는 상대적으로 미미한 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 동아시아의 두 지역해양환경협력의 형성과 발전과정을 개괄하고, 이들의 제도적 발전에 영향을 미치는 지역의 환경적, 지정학적 요인을 고찰함으로써 동아시아지역의 양대 해양협력의 특성과 차이점을 논의하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Both the East Asian Sea Action Plan (EASAP) and the Northwest Pacific Action Plan (NOWPAP) are environmental regimes developed under the auspice of UNEP's Regional Sea Programme in order to preserve regional seas in East Asia. They share a common characteristics of East Asian regionalism that pursues cooperation based on non legally-binding agreements; nonetheless, they demonstrate a significant difference in terms of institutional development and regime effectiveness. This paper reviews the development process of both East Asian regional regimes, and examines how environmental, economic and geopolitical factors cause such difference in the two East Asian marine environmental cooperation mechanism.

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