스포츠 현장 활용을 위한 신체활동량의 측정과 추정 방법 분류 = Classification of Measurement and Estimation Methods of Physical Activity for Sports Fields

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to analyze the principles, characteristics, and application methods of the measurement and estimation methods of physical activity, and to classify the variety methods for application on sports fields. The measurement and estimation of energy expenditure during physical activity is important for health improvements, fitness training, and preventing disease. The physical activity is measured by direct measurement, indirect measurement, and estimation. The principle' of direct measurement is the law of energy preservation, and the Bomb calorimeter is its measurement equipment. Direct measurement has many limitations, Therefore, indirect measurement by oxygen consumption is usually used. Indirect measurement methods of energy expenditure include the Douglas bag, Autonomic and Portable metabolic analysis system. The Douglas bag is used to collect expired gas. Autonomic metabolic analysis system can measure variables such as oxygen consumption, ventilation, respiratory exchange ratio, simultaneously by connection with the computer. Portable metabolic analysis system was developed to measure energy expenditure during activity of out-field. The energy expenditure by direct method can be measured exactly by the development of measurement equipment and supporting devices. However, it has several limitations such as cost, efforts of subjects, and efforts of researchers for mass group measurements. Therefore, the estimation method was developed for convenience, even the validity was decreased, The estimation methods include motion sensor, measurement of physiological responses, observation and Time/Motion analyses, activity diary method, and physical activities questionnaire, etc. There were a lot of methods used for the measurement and estimation of energy expenditure. These methods used by demands of exactness, convenience, cost, time, etc.