1928~1933년 京城府의 府營버스 도입과 그 영향 = The introduction and effectiveness of Kyungsungbu(京城府)'s Municipalized bus(府營버스)in 1928~1933

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This article is about the process of introduction and management of Kyungsungbu's bus business, which started in April 1928, in addition to the course selling to Kyungsung electric company. Especially on the article, it focused the purpose and effectiveness of Kyungsungbu's bus business that advocated the 'municipalized bus' as the traits.
The Kyungsungbu's bus business was formed after 1920s in the rapid urbanization of Kyungsung. So it was the bus business that appeared at that time the suburb's population growth was fast than that in Kyungsungbu. Many private enterprises headed by Kyungsung electric company prospected a remarkable outlook the bus business through by the case of Japan. At that moment the Kyungsungbu tried the bus business in the prevailing view of municipalization the Kyungsung electric company, cause there's no different opinion about the bus business will be a great help in finance situation.
But the conditions of the Kyungsungbu's bus business was not going to be suitable for the urbanization of Kyungsungbu. In other words, the Kyungsungbu did not organize the bus route along with the promoting city planning covering that the new areas can be entered in Kyungsungbu. The organized bus route was focused on the downtown area and the region of much floating population, so the bus had to compete with the electric cars on the many lines in the end. The electric cars can be a mass transit by inexpensive electricity, but the bus can not help transporting a little by expensive oil.
Moreover it was a situation of rising the working expenses, for the Kyungsungbu enlarged the scale of business with the early bus service being in a good condition. 10 buses in the fist stage became 49 buses through the Chosun Exposition(1929), the crew and the staff were also increased. However the passenger was growing year by year, the working expenses were swelled quickly, so the bus business was always a deficit operation, If the Kyungsungbu had included the future Kyungsung in promoting city planning, the bus business would be in progress more effectively.
In spite of that, the influence of the Kyonsongbu's bus business was remarkable. The municipalized bus made a deep impression as a public transportation to people who can not get on the expensive car, after that the bus can be a general transportation vehicle easily. Besides, the Kyungsungbu bus was a significant meaning as the first municipalized bus, and had a important roll of following the Daegubu's bus business which started in 1929.
What is more, they achieved the uniform fare system that can transfer bus to electric car by 5-chun(錢) in Kyongongbu, and 8-chun on two sections, 11-chun on three sections in the suburb in the course of selling to Kyungsung electric company. What these things can be realized were by the result that the Kyungsungbu have operated the uniform bus fare system and experienced the free transfer between the municipalized bus.
Like these, although the bus business was always a deficit operation, the Kyungsungbu attained the uniform fare system in the course of selling to Kyungsung electric company. As a result the Kyungsung-bu's bus business not only promoted the use of public transportation but also made a basis of connection between suburb and downtown when the Kyungsungbu's territory was expanded in 1936.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• I. 머리말
• II. 부영버스의 도입배경과 경성부의 준비과정
• 1. 경성전기의 府營化 논의
• 2. 경성부의 부영버스 도입
• III. 부영버스의 추이와 그 영향
• 1. 부영버스의 운행개시
• 2. 전차와의 경합과 영업부진
• 3. 부영버스의 영향
• IV. 맺음말

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