단태아와 쌍태아 임신부의 영양섭취, 체중증가 및 신생아 체중의 비교 = Comparison of Maternal Dietary Intake, Weight Gain and Neonatal Birth Weight between Singleton and Twin Pregnancies

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Background
The incidence of twin pregnancies has increased. Nutritional care for twin pregnancies is important but there is a paucity of information for twin pregnancies. We analysed that nutrient intakes of singleton, twin pregnancies and pregnancy outcomes.
Methods
The subjective were 98 twin pregnant and 78 singleton pregnant women receiving prenatal care from Samsung Cheil Hospital. They were grouped by gestational age and pregnancy type : group Ⅰ(3~12 weeks), group Ⅱ(13~28 weeks), group Ⅲ(28~42 weeks). Dietary intakes of the pregnant women were estimated by 24 hour recall method. We investigated maternal serum concentration of cholesterol, protein, albumin and globulin. We correlated with maternal nutritional intakes, perinatal outcomes and newborn birth weights.
Results
The daily average energy intakes were not significantly different from 1826.8kcal(85.1% of KDRIs) of singleton pregnant women, 1836.5kcal(85.9% of KDRIs) of twin pregnant women. Folate, iron and calcium intakes of singleton and twin pregnant women were 243.0㎍/d:257.1㎍/d, 13.2mg/d:13.7mg/d, 628.8mg/d:634.3mg/d, respectively. These nutrients intakes were not significantly different from two pregancy types, but levels of intakes were lower than those of KDRIs. Gestational age had a great influence on birth weight of singleton and twin (p<0.001).
Conclusions
There is a tendency to increase the risk of the birth of premature and shortening of gestational age in twin pregnancies. We suggest that systematic and different nutritional program for twin pregnancies are needed.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

연구배경
저 출산 문제와 함께 고위험 임신 군에 속하는 쌍태임신이 증가하는 추세이다. 쌍태 임신에 대한 영양 관리가 중요하나 이에 대한 체계적인 연구가 미흡하므로 본 연구에서는 쌍태 임신부와 단태 임신부의 모체의 영양소 섭취와 임신결과 및 신생아 체중과의 상관성을 분석하여 효율적인 모자영양 및 건강관리에 도움이 되고자 한다.
방 법
연구 대상자는 2005년 5월부터 2006년 10월까지 삼성제일병원 산부인과에서 산전관리를 받는 건강한 쌍태 임신부 98명과 단태 임신부 78명을 선정하였다. 제 1삼 분기(임신 3주~12주) 임신부를 1/3분기, 제 2삼 분기(임신 13주~28주) 임신부를 2/3분기, 제 3삼 분기(임신 28주 이후) 임신부를 3/3분기로 나누어 이들에 대한 식이섭취 조사는 24 시간 회상법을 이용하였으며, 임신부의 혈청 콜레스테롤, 단백질, 알부민 및 글로불린 함량을 분석하였다.
결 과
일일 평균 에너지 섭취량은 단태 임신부는 1826.8kcal(한국인 영양섭취기준량: KDRIs의 85.1%)로 쌍태 임신부 1836.5kcal(KDRIs의 85.9%)와 유의적 차이가 없었으며, 단태 임신부와 쌍태 임신부의 일일 엽산, 철분, 칼슘의 섭취량은 각각 243.0㎍/d:257.1㎍/d, 13.2mg/d:13.7mg/d, 628.8mg/d:634.3mg/d으로 두군 모두 KDRIs 보다 낮았다. 신생아 체중은 단태아가 3376.1g, 쌍태아의 경우 두 명의 신생아의 평균이 2314.9g으로 유의적 차이를 보였다(p<0.001). 재태기간은 단태아와 쌍태아 모두 신생아 체중에 가장 큰 영향을 주었다(P<0.001).
결 론
쌍태 임신의 경우 단태 임신에 비해 재태기간이 짧은 조산의 위험이 따르므로 쌍태 임신에 대해 체계적이고 차별화된 영양관리 프로그램이 필요하다.

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