An Emerging Garden Industry in the UK in response to the Economic Crisis - Focusing on the History of the Grow Your Own(GYO) Movement -

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The UK’s garden industry, which has characterized the country as a green and pleasant land, is one of Britain’s representative leisure industries. The sector had been growing steadily, supported by consumers’ constant spending and the increased rate of owner-occupation. However, as the British faced the global financial crisis in late 2008, which was the worst economic crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s, they started to reduce spending money on household items, especially on leisure activities. Amongst those, they tightened their purses on garden-related spending by 10% compared with the year before the world economy collapsed. This economic environment threw the garden industry into turmoil.
As an increase in physical and mental stresses caused by the unpredictable and pessimistic economic environment led to a decline in the British standard of living, the British Government, supported by members of the Royal family , revived `a movement encouraging people to take up gardening for a better life. The ‘Grow Your Own’ campaign, a gardening movement can be traced back to the ‘Victory Garden’, which supplied the public with food planted at private residences during World Wars I and II, to help overcome the exigencies of wartime. The revival of the gardening movement launched in 2009 was, however, aimed at recovering the British quality of life by boosting production of food in people’s own gardens to help Britons not only to lighten the burdens on their households, but to provide health care, improve living conditions, and help regenerate local communities.
In tandem with the movement at national level, people’s constant interest in and demand for participation in gardening has brought about change in the depressed traditional UK garden industry. With the rapid and tailored responses of the industry to evolving consumer demand during the economic crisis, together with the new phase of productive gardening movement from Todmorden, the garden industry in the UK now stands at a new turning point.

참고문헌 (Reference)

• 1 Incredible Edible Network, "What is Incredible Edible?" IEN
• 2 Ginn, P., "Wartime Farm" Hachette UK 2012
• 3 Food and Hunger Action Committee, "Toronto’s Food Character"
• 4 British Library, "Timelines: Sources from History-Dig for Victory"
• 5 Southam, H., "The Town that Wants to Feed Itself"
• 6 Francis, M., "The Meaning of Gardens" MIT Press 1990
• 7 Tribe, J., "The Economics of Recreation, Leisure and Tourism" Elsevier 2005
• 8 Bell, S., "The Big Society Concept in a Natural Environment Setting" Policy Studies Institute & Defra 2011
• 9 Fairfax, D., "Seeding Opportunity: How reappropriation of public space can catalyse sustainable behaviours" Cumulus 2012
• 10 Horticultural Trades Association, "Rising to the Challenge - HTA Marketing & Communications Strategy 2012-2015" HTA 2012
• 11 Crouch, D., "Reinventing allotments for the twenty-first century: the UK experience" 1998
• 12 Local Government Association, "Recession Survey of English Authorities 2009"
• 13 BBC, "Q&A: What is a Recession?" BBC News
• 14 Jacques, D., "Landscape Modernism Renounced" Routledge 2009
• 15 Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment, "Hallmarks of a Sustainable City" CABE 2009
• 16 Horticultural Trades Association, "HTA survey reveals greater interest in and enjoyment of gardening"
• 17 Royal Horticultural Society, "Gardening matters:Urban gardens" RHS 2011
• 18 Bisgrove, R., "Gardening in the Global Greenhouse: The Impacts of Climate Change on Gardens in the UK" The UK Climate Impacts Programme 2002
• 19 Gavin, R., "From the Subprime to the Terrigenous: Recession begins at home" Land Values Research Group
• 20 Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, "Food 2030" Defra 2011
• 21 BBC, "Flower Show's Credit Crunch Tips" BBC News
• 22 Holland, L., "Diversity and Connections in Community Gardens: a contribution to local sustainability" 9 (9): 285-305, 2011
• 23 Bhatti, M., "Cultivating Natures: Homes and Gardens in Late Modernity" 35 : 365-383, 2001
• 24 Viljoen, A., "Continuous Productive Urban Landscapes" Routledge 2005
• 25 Office for National Statistics, "Consumer Trends (Quarter 2 2013)" ONS Customer Contact Centre 2013
• 26 Calderdale Council, "Calderdale Town Centre Report:Qualitative Assessments" Calderdale Council 2012
• 27 Local Government Association, "Business Plan 2012/2013" LGA 2012
• 28 HSBC, "Brits live the 'Good Life' in their gardens" HSBC Personal Finance Newsroom
• 29 Kollewe, J., "British Economy Shrinks at Fastest Rate for 30Years" The Guardian
• 30 Warren, J., "Britain’s Real Growth Industry" Daily Express
• 31 UK Statistics Authority, "Assessment of compliance with the Code of Practice for Official Statistics: Consumer Trends" UK Statistics Authority 2011
• 32 Constantine, S., "Amateur Gardening and Popular Recreation in the 19th and 20th Centuries" 14 : 387-406, 1981
• 33 Library of Birmingham, "Allotments in the Thorpe Era"
• 34 John, D., "'Recession gardens' trim grocery bills, teach lessons" CNN News