KCI등재
경제난 이후 북한 가족의 사회연결망 강화전략 = A STUDY ON THE SOCIAL NETWORK OF FAMILY AFTER ECONOMIC CRISIS IN NORTH KOREA
저자
발행기관
이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원(Korea Culture Research Institute Ewha Womans University,Seoul,Korea)
학술지명
권호사항
발행연도
2002
작성언어
Korean
KDC
380.000
등재정보
KCI등재
자료형태
학술저널
발행기관 URL
수록면
141-171(31쪽)
제공처
소장기관
In the face of economic crisis and food shortages in the mid of 1990s, the North Korea has reached at the state of being paralyzed in function of the distributor of the nation. This dissertation starts from the perception about where the power to sustain the North Koreans’ lives is from in the face of this crisis.
On the basis of this perception the fundamental driving power to keep the North Korea system is found not in the political ideology, at an abstract level but in the family unit, at a concrete one. That means the strategic response in the terms of the family unit, the survival unit of North Koreans. The North Korean family exert its driving power as a survival unit to overcome the family crisis which is family poverty, ensuring the family unit reproduction. The family strategic response is changed according to the member of family which consists of a family and material resources, by that response the family survival and guaranteeing of the reproduction are determined.
Hence this dissertation aims to identify the strategic deeds which are called as the North Korean family’ social network coping with the structural crisis, analyzing the North korean family’s reproduction mechanism at behavioral level, which had just been discussed at structural level until now.
This dissertation is on the family strategy as the theoretical base. Family strategy means that a family maximizes its profit in coping with the pressure of structural change, and it reveals specifically as family subsistence strategy, the changes in the family structure, and the social network etc. The studying methods of this dissertation are a questionnaire, surveying 165 respondents who have defected to South Korea from the North and a case study on 20 respondents who have defected to South Korea from the North.
The North Korean family experiences the social network in the process of performing changes in the family structure, or family subsistence strategy. It means that they utilize not only the personal connections such as relatives, neighbors, friends but also the public connections such as job place, social organizations, the authorities or the nation.
When comparing the North Koreans ‘utility perception - utility degree - increase of utility degree’ toward social network, the degree is lower than perception, the increase of utility is lower than utility degree since economic crisis. On one hand, this tendency means that the North korean family and the social network which consists of it have being experienced the depletion of intrinsic sources. On the other hand, it implies that in the situation of people’s not being satisfied much less than expected the relative dispossession can be caused.
The utility forms of the North Korean family’s social network are summarized as follows.
First, The North Korean family is utilizing the personal connections most actively such as relatives, friends among social network. Through analyzing kinship as the personal connections, we can find the evidence of coexistence of "man-centered paternal kinship" and "non-man projecting maternal and paternal kinship."
Second, the North Korean family uses the public connections in the form of presenting a kind of bribe for the authorities or job place and getting a kind of privilege in return. By this the mechanism of activating non-public relation of public range, and of presenting a bribe and getting a privilege from that can be identified.
The North Korean family guarantees its survival through the social network like this. Social network utility itself ensures subsistence directly because of containing material supports, while of public connections utility functions as the condition for being guaranteeing on reproduction activity or supporting the economic activity. This imply that the responsibility of the nation for securing people’s lives and family lives is transferred to a family unit, filtering the complaints for nation within a family unit, the low structure.
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