한국판 성인놀이성 척도(K-APTS) 타당화 연구: 대학생 집단을 중심으로 = A Validation Study of the Korean Version of the Adult Playfulness Trait Scale(K-APTS)

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

There is a lack of playfulness scales for adult with evidence of validity and reliability in Korea. This study investigated the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the Adult Playfulness Trait Scale(K-APTS; Shen, Chick, & Zinn, 2014a), a new measurement of playfulness that assesses an individual’s disposition for uninhibitedness and spontaneous fun. A total of 540 college students participated in the survey. Confirmative factor analyses(CFA) and multiple-group CFA in M-plus 7.4, was used for the verification of construct validity, the Pearson correlation coefficients in SPSS 23.0 was used for the verification of criteria validity and Cronbach’s ɑ in SPSS 23.0 was used for the verification of reliability. The three-level construct of K-APTS was confirmed. The 19 items of K-APTS were explained by five clearly interpretable factors: fun belief, initiative, reactivity, fun belief, initiative, and reactivity. High-order factor analyses confirmed the underlying hierarchical model of K-APTS that comprises three additional sub-dimensions: fun-seeking motivation, uninhibitedness, and spontaneity, wherein fun-seeking motivation includes three sub-dimensions: fun belief, initiative, and reactivity. In third order model, one overarching construct supports the interpretation of a general “playfulness” factor underlying all subscales. Evidence of criteria validity was obtained from correlations of the K-APTS with the K-PSA. The three-level construct of K-APTS demonstrated good internal consistency. Greater playfulness in the K-APTS was associated positively with extraversion, openness to new experiences, agreeability, conscientiousness, it was negatively associated with neuroticism in K-BFI. The multi-group CFA was conducted to compare male and female samples. Given the configural invariance, the metric invariance and partial scalar invariance were held across multiple groups. The latent mean analysis examined whether the mean level of latent construct was invariant across groups. Females showed a statistically lower mean than males in the initiative(I) factor in the K-APTS.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구에서는 Shen과 동료들(2014a)에 의해 개발된 성인놀이성 척도(APTS)를 타당화하고 심리측정적 속성을 확인하고자 하였다. 원척도를 타당화하기 위해 대학생 534명을 대상으로 예비연구와 본 연구를 진행하였다. 예비연구를 위해 수도권 지역의 대학생 130명(남자 65명, 여자 65명)의 자료를 토대로 문항양호도 및 탐색적 요인분석을 한 결과, 원척도와 동일하게 19개 문항으로 구성된 5요인 구조가 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 이후 본 연구를 위해 수도권 및 충청 지역의 대학생 404명(남자 202명, 여자 202명)을 대상으로 척도의 구인타당도, 준거타당도, 신뢰도, 성격특성과의 관련성, 그리고 성별에 따른 다집단 CFA를 분석하였다. 첫째, 구인타당도를 위한 확인적 요인분석 결과, 한국판 성인놀이성 척도(K-APTS)는 5요인의 삼차 위계구조가 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 총 19개의 문항은 ‘재미신념’, ‘주도성’, ‘반응성’, ‘비억제성’, ‘즉흥성’의 5개의 일차요인에 의해 설명되며, 이 중 ‘재미신념’, ‘주도성’, ‘반응성’의 3개 요인은 ‘재미-추구’라는 위계적 이차 요인에 의해 설명되며, ‘재미추구’, ‘비억제성’, ‘즉흥성’은 ‘성인놀이성’이라는 위계적 삼차 요인에 의해 설명되었다. 둘째, K-APTS는 개념적으로 관련된 척도인 K-PSA(Schaefer & Greenberg, 1997)와 유의미한 상관을 보여 준거타당도가 입증되었으며, 내적 일관성 역시 적절한 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, K-APTS는 K-BFI 중 개방성, 외향성, 친화성, 성실성과는 정적인 상관을, 신경증과는 부적인 상관을 보여 성격 특질과의 관련성도 입증되었다. 넷째, 성별에 따른 다집단 CFA를 검증한 결과, K-APTS는 성별에 따른 형태동일성, 측정동일성, 부분절편동일성이 만족되었다. 잠재 평균분석 결과, 여학생은 남학생보다 재미신념과 주도성 요인에서 더 낮은 것으로 나타났다.

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