인도의 대전환과 새로운 계급 부상: 신중간계급 열망 계층의 성격 및 정치적 중요성을 중심으로 = India’s Great Transition and New Emerging Class: Focusing on the Characteristics and Political Importance of the Aspiring Neo Middle Class

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aims to examine the socio-economic and class characteristics of the "neo-middle class," a term coined by Prime Minister Modi to describe the stratum between the poverty line and the middle class. It also seeks to explore the political reasons why the BJP pays attention to this group.
In Chapter Ⅱ, the study analyzes the differences between the "neo-middle class" mentioned by Prime Minister Modi and general “new middle class”, which means “New Rich”, based on economic criteria. It is observed that the former represents a significant portion of India's population, comprising over 50%, and is characterized as a group aspiring to ascend into the new middle class. They do not differ significantly from the impoverished in terms of occupational composition, but it is anticipated that a substantial number of them will be able to enter the middle class within the next 30 years.
In Chapter Ⅲ, it is observed that the common class characteristic among the aspiring neo-middle class is their desire to attain middle-class status. Despite belonging to lower strata, many identify themselves as middle-class, aiming to distinguish themselves from the impoverished and to be perceived as ordinary, ideal citizens of India. This self-perception as middle-class provides them with a sense of stability and distinction from the lower strata.
Chapter Ⅳ examines the political intentions of the BJP in conferring the "neo-middle class" title upon these aspiring lower class. This group supports Hindutva ideology and is seen as crucial for expanding BJP's electoral base. Additionally, it is analyzed that due to their potential to play a significant role in India's future development and growth, the BJP pays attention to them.

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