시민 참여를 통한 사회·경제적 환경 여건별 폭염 체감 영향 분석 = Analysis of the Impact of Heat Wave on Social and Economic Conditions through Civic Participation

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Ⅰ. Introduction
1. Research background
□ Impact of heat waves
ㅇ As age increases, critical temperature decreases and the incidence of thermal diseases increases.
ㅇ The lower the income, the higher the incidence of heat diseases.
ㅇ Outdoor workers and non-Koreans have a high incidence of thermal diseases.
□ It is necessary to prepare customized countermeasures centered on consumers to significantly reduce heat damage.
ㅇ Data on the influence of socioeconomic conditions on vulnerability to heat waves is insufficient.
ㅇ It is urgent to prepare customized policies considering the socio-economic environment of vulnerable groups.
ㅇ An impact-based response that takes into account the socio-economic environment is needed, not a uniform response based on temperature.
2. Research content and performance system
□ A public survey on the impact of feeling heat waves
ㅇ An online survey on heat wave awareness, impacts and cooling costs
□ Monitoring of the heat stroke-vulnerable groups based on citizen participation
ㅇ In-depth interviews and a heat wave journal for those who can share their experiences of the heat wave
□ Investigation of exposure temperatures according to living and working environments, based on citizen participation
ㅇ Actual exposure temperature measurements to determine the impact of heat waves on living and working environments vulnerable to heat waves
Ⅱ. Review of Previous Research Related to Heat Wave Impacts
1. Concept of heat wave impacts
□ Heat wave impacts
ㅇ Heat wave impacts are based on the socio-economic environment and resultant differences in heat exposure and impact levels of each
individual, not on an identical temperature standard.
ㅇ In order to reduce the damage caused by heat waves, it is necessary to consider the actual level of exposure and impact on various people of varying socio-economic conditions and the impact of heat waves on the development of the heatwave response plan.
2. Socio-economic environment and heat wave impacts
□ The influence of heat waves based on the socio-economic environment of an individuals, including age, gender, income, occupation, and living environment
Ⅲ. Heat Wave Awareness and Impacts
1. Heat wave awareness survey
□ Work efficiency by occupation due to heat waves
ㅇ Among respondents, an average of 24.8% reported working outdoors. By occupation, such work includes the agriculture, forestry, and fishing industries, the construction industry, and the electricity, gas and water industries, from the largest to smallest percentage.
ㅇ 32% of respondents’ work efficiency decreased due to heat waves.
□ The relationship between the proportion of field work and the decrease in work efficiency due to heat waves
ㅇ Most workers that performed less than 30% of their work outdoors reported decreases in efficiency by up to 30%, while those who performed more than 30% of their work outdoors reported decreases in efficiency of between 30 and 70% the most.
2. Investigating the impact of heat waves
Ⅳ. Analysis of Differences in Exposure Temperatures according to Working and Living Environments
1. Analysis of differences in exposure temperatures according to living environments
□ Indoor temperature difference analysis by housing type
ㅇ By housing type (apartments, detached houses, townhouses, and single-room dwellings), single-room dwellings reported the highest average temperature, at 30.61℃. Next were townhouses, at 30.3℃, followed by apartments at 30.27℃ and finally detached house, at 30.06℃.
ㅇ In terms of general housing types, there is no clear difference in indoor temperature by type.
- Type 1 (higher distribution than temperatures taken at observatory: fragile roofs, observed temperatures exceeding 10 ° C in most time
zones during the study
- Type 2 (similar to temperatures taken at observatory: similar to the observatory's highest temperature during the day, with a lower drop during the night
- Type 3 (distribution lower than temperatures taken at observatory: Internal temperature drops when outside temperature rises, resulting from air conditioning
2. Analysis of differences in exposure temperatures according to working environments
□ Analysis of differences in exposure temperatures according to indoor / outdoor work
ㅇ The difference in average exposure temperature of general indoor and outdoor workers is not obvious, but the difference by occupation is large.
□ Exposure vs observatory temperature by occupation
ㅇ Courier / delivery: More frequent exposure to higher temperatures than other occupations
ㅇ Construction industry: Exposure to very high temperatures in certain operations
ㅇ Agriculture: Exposure temperature characteristics vary and temperature variation is large depending on crops grown.
Ⅴ. Conclusion and Suggestions
1. Conclusion
□ Reduced work efficiency due to heat waves
ㅇ Work efficiency decreased 32% on average due to heat waves, and 48% on average for workers performing more than 70% of work outdoors.
ㅇ Workers who visited medical facilities or had chronic diseases due to heat diseases over the past five years showed a significant decrease in work efficiency due to heat waves.
□ Results of exposure temperature analysis according to working environments
ㅇ The characteristics of exposure temperature are different depending on occupation, and the courier service and the delivery industry are more frequently exposed to high temperatures than other occupation groups.
The construction industry is exposed to very high temperatures during certain operations, and agriculture has different exposure temperature characteristics and large variations in exposure temperature depending on the crops grown.
□ Exposure temperature analysis results according to living environments
ㅇ In the general classification of housing types, there is no significant difference between types, but the effect is different depending on roof type, location, and cooling facilities.
2. Suggestions
□ Need for temperature impact-based measures for heat wave-vulnerable groups
ㅇ Current heat wave special measures and related measures are made uniformly based on weather observation temperatures, but actual heat exposure temperature varies according to occupation and living environments.
ㅇ To reduce site-centered practical reduction, it is necessary to prepare measures that are customized to reflect working and residential conditions.
□ Need to prepare measures for heat waves reflecting working environments
ㅇ To protect workers' lives and health during heat waves, it is necessary to enact a right to stop work during heat waves.
ㅇ In summer, measures such as workload adjustment and expansion of the labor force are necessary.
ㅇ In the case of construction sites and broadcasting sites, it is necessary to prepare measures such as adjusting the construction deadline and protecting wages considering the heat wave period.
ㅇ It is necessary to provide accessible shelter for mobile workers (gas meter inspectors, delivery workers, etc.).
ㅇ Since the government's measures against heat waves are mainly focused on crops, additional measures are needed to ensure the safety of farmers.