기억항목들 간의 유사성이 시각작업기억 수행에 미치는 영향 = The Effect of Inter-Items Similarity on Visual Working Memory Performance

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The present study examined the effect of inter-items similarity on visual working memory (VWM) performance. A change detection task was used for testing memory performance, and the memory items consisted of two (in Experiment 1) or three (in Experiment 2) sequentially-displayed pairs of items, varying the level of similarity between the items in each pair. After the memory item, memory test was given according to either a whole or partial-report procedure. The two items in each first and second pair were manipulated to have colors from two different color categories or those from the same categories but made distinctive. The former manipulation was for lower inter-item similarity whereas the latter was for higher inter-item similarity. The results showed that change detection was accurate if the inter-item similarity of memory items was lower rather than higher, especially in the partial-probe condition. These results suggest that VWM performance can be improved if the similarity among the items in visual working memory is lower.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 기억항목들 간 유사성이 시각작업기억 수행에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 기억 과제로는 변화탐지과제가 사용되었으며, 기억항목을 유사성 수준별로 실험 1에서는 두 개 그리고 실험 2에서는 세 개의 기억 쌍들로 구성해 순차 제시하였다. 기억항목 쌍들의 순차 제시에 뒤이어 기억항목들에 대한 전체 혹은 부분탐사를 실시해 색상이 변화한 항목의 유무를 보고하도록 요구하였다. 각 기억화면 에 제시된 기억항목 쌍 내의 개별 항목들은 서로 다른 범주의 색상 혹은 동일한 색상 범주 내에서 분명히 구분되는 색상을 각각 보유하도록 처치하였다. 전자의 경우 기억항목들 간 색상 유사성이 낮은 경우에 해당되었으며 후자의 경우 높은 경우에 해당되었다. 실험 결과, 기억항목들 간 색상 유사성이 높은 경우에 비해 낮을 경우 변화탐지가 정확한 것이 관찰되었으며, 이러한 상대적 정확성은 부분탐사가 실시된 경우 더욱 분명했다. 본 연구의 결과는 기억항목들 간 유사성이 낮을 경우 시각 작업 기억 수행이 촉진될 가능성을 시사한다.

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