디젤 오염 토양의 생물분해시 토성 및 오염기간의 영향 = Effect of Soil Texture and Aging on the Bioremediation of Diesel Contaminated Soil
저자
발행사항
서울 : 건국대학교 대학원, 2001
학위논문사항
학위논문(박사)-- 건국대학교 대학원 : 환경공학과 2001. 8
발행연도
2001
작성언어
한국어
주제어
KDC
539.94 판사항(4)
DDC
628.55 판사항(21)
발행국(도시)
서울
형태사항
xiv, 209p. : 삽도 ; 26cm
일반주기명
참고문헌: p. 150-166
소장기관
Leaking underground storage tanks (LUSTs) has given rise to severe soil and groundwater contamination. Oils leaked from LUSTs are almost hydrocarbon and made an adverse effect to human beings and animals. Hence, treatment of contaminated sites should be treated without problems. As petroleum aromatic hydrocarbons included in petroleum hydrocarbons are very toxic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic, these are classified as major soil contamination sources. In present, about one hundred of underground storage tanks are estimated to have leakage problems. However, soil and groundwater contamination by LUSTs was seldom informed in Korea. Therefore, research on remediation technology for the fuel oil contaminated soils is required for management and remediation.
The objective of this research was to evaluate soil texture and contamination aging on the treatment for composting and bioslurry of diesel-contaminated soil. Soil texture in this research were silt loam and sand, respectively. And synthetic soils (XAD4, XAD7) were used. The reactors were installed in a 20℃ incubator to maintain isothermal conditions. The operational parameters for this research were the effects of soil texture, initial concentration of the contaminated soil, and contamination aging.
The first order kinetic model described the removal and degradation of TPH with higher correlation compared to the zero order model. The correlation coefficients between operating time and diesel concentration for composting and bioslurry were range of 0.92~0.99 and 0.84~0.98, respectively. The removal and degradation rate of silt loam soil were higher than that of sand soil for composting and bioslurry processes. The first order degradation rates of silt loam and sand for composting was 0.065/day and 0.104/day, respectively. It was thought due to the adsorption effect of soil. The clay percentage of silt loam (14.5%) was higher than 4.2% of sand. In the synthetic soils, the first order degradation rate (0.023/day) of XAD4 having the higher surface area was lower than 0.028/day of XAD7. Therefore, physicochemical treatment was more appropriate than biological treatment in treating soils having high clay percentage.
The degradation rate of the aged soil was lower than that of no aged soil. The first order degradation rates of no aged soil (SL10) and the soil (SL1510) aged for 15 days were 0.065/day and 0.063/day for composting process. It was 0.058/day in the soil aged for 60 days for composting process. The first order degradation rates of no aged soil (SRSLO) and the soil (SRSL15) aged for 15 days were 0.063/day and 0.046/day for bioslurry process. It was 0.046/day in the soil aged for 60 days for bioslurry process. These results mean that the diesel-contaminated soil having higher clay percentage should be treated as soon as possible.
The TPH degradation rate for the composting process was higher compared to the bioslurry process. The first order degradation rates of no aged soil (SL10 and S10) for composting were 0.061/day and 0.094/day, respectively. In case of bioslury process, the first order degradation rates of no aged soil (SRSLO and SRSO) were 0.059/day and 0.070/day, respectively. The first order degradation rates of the soil aged for 15 days and 60 days (SL1510 and SL6010) for composting were 0.061/day and 0.056/day, respectively. In case of bioslury process, the first order degradation rates of the soil aged for the same period (SRSL15 and SRSL60) were 0.059/day and 0.044/day, respectively. Therefore, composting was more appropriate technology compared to bioslurry.
In the soil that diesel degraded slowly, TPH was more volatilized than the other. The TPH removal by volatilization in silt loam was higher than that of sand. The cumulative CO2 generation rate was a good indicator for biodegrdation process. The relationship between CO2 generation rate and biodegradation of TPH was in close. The CO2 generation rate of composting process showing higher degradation rate was higher compared to bioslurry process. Also, dehydrogenage activity was a good indicator for biodegradation of diesel-contamiated soil.
Higher concentration of diesel hindered the biodegradation rate for composting process. The initial diesel concentrations in the soils of SL2, SL4, and SL10 were 2,000, 4,000, and 10,000 mg/kg, respectively. The biodegradation rates of SL2, SL4, and SL10 after 30 days of operation were 90.6, 87.6, and 83.9%, respectively. The first order degradation rate (0.095/day) of SL2 was the higher than those (0.075/day and 0.065/day) of SL4 and SL10. In the case hidered by the concentration of diesel, it could be a alternative to mix the diesel-contaminated soil with natural soil. Adding surfactant increased the biodegradation rate for the bioslurry process. The biodegradation rate (72.4%) of the bioslurry reactor surfactant added was higher than 69.5% of the reactor surfactant not added. It was due to desorption effectiveness of surfactant on the diesel contaminant attatched to the soil particles.
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