『說文』說解常用字與國民常用國字比較析論-以辭彙性質演變爲論 = The comparison between most commonly used Chinese characters in “Shuowenjiezizhu” and frequently used Chinese characters -the development of word property

국문 초록 (Abstract)

在歷代的字韻書的編纂史上, 漢語常用字多半以兩種模式呈現: 其一乃通行用字與童蒙字書如『倉힐篇』、『急就篇』、『千字文』的模式, 主要以字句組合的型態, 使學習者便於記誦與認識。其二則隱含在各字韻書的說解訓釋當中。傳統訓고的方法在於以已知釋未知, 以常見解罕見, 所以在字韻書中的說解用字、訓釋詞語多半具有當時常用字的性質, 如此在用作字詞解釋時, 才能達到使人理解的目的。前者是顯性的體現, 後者則是隱性的運用。在歷代的漢字敎育中, 此二者實際上肩負了敎育者與學習者認識漢字、理解漢字最主要的材料與途徑。本文的硏究便是圍繞著「漢語常用字」的主軸, 以臺灣敎育部所編纂的『常用國字標準字體表』和黃侃『論學雜著』末所附的「說文說解常用字」爲分析對象, 結合『說文』以來字韻書的字義說解, 就其中的幾組常用字的詞彙性質進行硏究。目的在於透過歷時的比較, 觀察漢語常用字的詞類變化與構詞型態功能, 探討這些字詞內在意義的항常性與變動性, 以及變與不變之條件因素和內涵。最後試圖通過上述之硏究, 重新檢視漢語常用字的整理和硏析在漢字敎育上的價値, 對當前的漢字整理與漢字敎學的核心本質與方法提出看法與建議。

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In the history of dictionary editing, the most commonly used Chinese characters are most likely be presented in two forms: one is commonly used words and children`s teaching materials, such as 『倉힐篇』、『急就篇』、『千字文』, which are mainly in the form of characters combination in order to make learners convenient to memorize and understand. The other one is the meaning implied in all dictionaries. The traditional method of explanatory notes is to explain unknown word meanings with known ones and to explain rare word meanings with common ones. Therefore, explaining word meaning in dictionaries is probably characterized by contemporary commonly used words. In this way, it reaches the goal of being understood easily when explaining characters. The former is a dominant representation, and the later is implicative application. In the past dynasties of Chinese characters education, both of them equip educationists and learners to better understand Chinese characters. This study, focusing on “the most commonly used Chinese characters”, analyses 『常用國字標準字體表』and『黃侃論學雜著』edited by Ministry of Education and is combined with『說文』to study specifically the property of several common used words.