계약 명의신탁 무효에 따른 명의신탁자의 임대인 지위 승계여부와 기판력 = Whether the Title Trustor succeeds to the Lessor Status due to Invalidity of Contract Title Trust and Res Judicata -A review on the Supreme Court decision 2021Da210720, pronounced on March 17, 2022-

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Abstract

Status of Real Estate Tenant due to Invalidity of Contract Title Trust
and Res Judicata
-A review on the Supreme Court decision 2021Da210720,
pronounced on March 17, 2022-

In relation to the case of target judgment regarding status of real estate tenant due to invalidity of contract title trust and res judicata author reviewed about ① Whether title trustor Y, who acquired ownership due to the invalidity of the contract title trust, is the transferee of the leased house under the Housing Lease Protection Act and whether he is responsible for returning the rental deposit to X, the lessee, by succeeding to the position of B, the lessor, ② If Y is considered to succeed to B's position, whether he is the successor after the conclusion of the pleadings, ③ whether it would be beneficial that X file a lawsuit seeking return of the rental deposit against title trustee Y, who acquired the title by confirmed judgment of previous lawsuit without applying for bestowing succeeding executive order or being bestowed succeeding executive order by filing a lawsuit.
In relation to ①, The opinion was presented that it is appropriate to apply Article 3, Paragraph 4 of the Housing Lease Protection Act to Y by analogy although Y is not the transferee under Article 3, Paragraph 4 of the Housing Lease Protection Act. In relation to ②, Author presented the opinion that in this case, Y is the successor after the conclusion of the pleadings, having inherited the rights and obligations of the object of lawsuit itself because the object of lawsuit in the previous confirmed judgment of X is the right to claim refund of rental deposit based on bond-like lease and the object of lawsuit in the later lawsuit of X is also the right to claim refund of rental deposit based on lease.

In relation to ③, The opinion was presented that a judgment on the merits must be made because X has the interest of protecting the rights of the later lawsuit even if res judicata is extended to Y because Y is the successor after the conclusion of the pleadings and even if there is a special relief procedure to apply for bestowing succeeding executive order or be bestowed succeeding executive order by filing a lawsuit. The reason for this is as follows. It is a high-level legal judgment as to whether title trustor Y, who acquired ownership pursuant to the invalidity of the title trust agreement, is a 'transferee' of the leased house under Article 3, Paragraph 4 of the Housing Lease Protection Act, and whether title trustor Y succeeds to the status of lessor B. In a situation where there was no Supreme Court precedent, it is very unclear whether it was possible to immediately enforce compulsory execution against Y based on the confirmed judgment of previous lawsuit of X, and it would be unfair to place that burden on a party who is not familiar with the law.

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