학제적 연구로서 신경미학의 이론적 틀짓기 = Theoretical Framework for Neuroaesthetics as an Interdisciplinary Research

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper aims to try a theoretical mapping for neuroaesthetics as an interdisciplinary research, examining a variety of methods and subjects that constitute it. Several researchers have pursued frameworks for neuroaesthetics, for instance, Jacobsen, Brown and Dissanayake, and Pearce et al. Based on the previous studies, I figured out three different methodological sources of neuroaesthetics: psychology, evolution theory, and cognitive neuroscience. The methodology of experimental aesthetics that Fechner had established in 19th Century are still utilized by many empirical aestheticians. Some of them adopt evolutionary biology to explain art behaviors of human beings. Recent developments in brain science technologies made researchers apply various methods to study neural basis of aesthetic experiences. I summarized the topics of neuroaesthetics as art behavior and emotion, artistic creativity, and aesthetic experience and representation. Emotion is included because it motivates the production and reception of art. Many neuroaesthetical writings focus on the problem of aesthetic experiences putting aside the one of artistic creativity. But the latter should be explored by neuroaestheticians. Trying to improve the frameworks that several neuroaestheticians suggested, I argued that neuroscientists have to pursue collaborations with the scholars in the humanities to make empirical aesthetics more comprehensive interdisciplinary study without falling in conceptual mistakes and narrowing down the research area.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 논문에서는 신경미학의 여러 방법과 주제에 대해 고찰함으로써 학제적 연구분야로서 신경미학의 정체를 더 명확하게 하고자 한다. 본고는 기존에 야콥슨, 디사나야케와 브라운, 피어스와 동료들 등이 제출한 신경미학의 이론틀을 살펴보고, 이와 더불어 그들의 한계들을 극복하기 위한 노력이다. 신경미학 연구방법은 크게 심리학, 진화론, 신경과학의 세 가지로 나눠볼 수 있다. 신경미학자들은 19세기에 페히너가 정초한 실험심리학의 방법, 다윈이 정초한 진화론적 방법, 그리고 이론적 추정, 신경심리학, 신경영상 연구 등으로 구성된 신경과학적 방법을 채택해왔다. 신경미학자들이 연구해온 주제는 예술 행동과 감정, 예술적 창조성, 미적 경험과 표상으로 구별하여 살펴본다. 감정과 창조성은 각각 감정에 관한 모형들 중 개선된 클로어/올토니의 것과 예술가였던 환자의 사례를 통해 고찰하고, 예술 행동과 미적 경험은 각각 진화론적 근거와 미적 경험 모형을 통해 살펴본다. 신경미학자들이 종종 범하는 오류를 피하고 예술, 창조성 등 미학적 개념을 명확하게 규명하기 위해 신경미학은 과학자들뿐만 아니라 인문학자들과도 협력하는 폭넓은 학제적 연구로 정립될 필요가 있다.

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