영유아 자폐스펙트럼장애 특성 탐색을 위한 ITSEA(Infant Toddler Socio-Emotional Assessment) 예비적 적용 = Preliminary application of ITSEA for exploring characteristics of infants and toddlers with autism spectrum disorders

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aims to identify socio-emotional behavior characteristics of infants and toddlers with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) by preliminary application of ITSEA (Infant Toddler Socio-Emotional Assessment) developed by Briggis-Gowan & Carter 2003), whose standardization is underway in Korea, to three groups of young children: ASD, developmental delay, and typical children. Subjects included 99 infants and toddlers between 12 and 35 months diagnosed as ASD, developmental delay, and typical children . The findings are: (1) the children with ASD had higher scores in scales of externalizing, dysregulation, maladaptive item cluster, atypical item cluster, activity/impulsivity, depression/withdrawal, negative emotionality, sleep, and eating; (2) the children with ASD had lower scores than the typical children in scales of social relatedness item cluster, competence, anxiety, inhibition to novelty, compliance, attention, mastery motivation, imitation/play, empathy, and prosocial peer relations; (3) significant differentiation was found between the children with ASD and the children with developmental delay in the questions items of depression/withdrawal, attention, bothered by being in motion, and sleep. These findings imply that most of the scales of ITSEA effectively differentiated children with ASD from typical children. However, no significant differentiation was found between children with ASD and children with developmental delay. Considerations for differential diagnosis of social and emotional behaviors between infants and toddlers with ASD and developmental delay were also discussed.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 자폐스펙트럼장애, 발달지연, 일반 영유아를 대상으로 Briggis-Gowan와 Carter(2003)이 개발하고 현재 국내에서 표준화가 진행 중인 ITSEA의 예비적 적용을 통해 자폐스펙트럼장애 영유아의 사회정서행동특성을 파악하고자 하였다. 연구대상은 자폐스펙트럼장애, 발달지연, 일반 영유아로 판정된 만 12개월에서 만 35개월 이하의 영유아 99명이다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 자폐스펙트럼장애 집단은 외현화 행동문제 척도, 비조절 척도, 부적응 척도, 비전형 척도, 활동/충동성, 우울/위축, 부정적 정서, 수면문제, 섭식문제에서 일반 영유아 집단보다 점수가 높았다. 둘째, 자폐스펙트럼장애 집단은 일반 영유아 집단보다 사회적 관계맺음 척도, 유능감 척도, 일반적 불안, 낯선 부적응(Inhibition to Novelty), 순응, 주의력, 숙달/자발성, 모방/놀이, 공감, 친사회적 척도에서 점수가 낮았다. 셋째, 자폐스펙트럼장애 집단과 발달지연 집단 간의 변별력을 나타내는 문항의 내용은 우울/위축, 주의력, 반복적 움직임 문제, 수면문제였다. 이 결과를 통해 ITSEA 대부분의 소척도에서 자폐스펙트럼장애 영유아와 일반 영유아간의 변별력이 검증되었으나 발달지연 영유아와는 두드러진 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 영유아기 자폐스펙트럼장애와 발달지연의 사회정서행동 특성 감별에 대한 고려점이 논의되었다.

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