화장품 소재로서 발아 귀리 추출물의 생리활성 특성 = Physiological Characteristics of Germinated Oat (Avena sativa) Extract as Raw Material for Cosmetics

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Purpose: This study evaluated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ability of germinated and non-germinated oat (Avena sativa) grain for developing a new cosmetic raw material. Methods: Some local oat grains were freeze-dried (cryodesiccated) and extracted using 95% ethanol to obtain a germinated oat, and the non-germinated oat extract was obtained by redrying. The oat grains were germinated at 20℃ for 5 days and extracted using the same procedure as described above. Subsequently, the extracts were applied to cultured cells to determine their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-melanogenic, and anti-aging effects. Results: For the extract of germinated oat, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, and nitric oxide (NO) generation inhibition ability was increased to 112% and 43%, respectively, compared with the non-germinated. The RAW264.7 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) revealed that treatment with the germinated oat extract could downregulate the expression of inflammatory factors, such as cyclooxygenase 2, interleukin 1beta, and interleukin 6 by 35%, 17.5%, and 22%, respectively. This enhanced anti-inflammatory effect could be as a result of increased avenanthramide during the germination period. Conclusion: Germinated oat grain extract showed an enhanced ability of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. For this reason, the extract of germinated oat grain can be a good source of raw material for cosmetic industry.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

목적: 본 연구에서는 귀리의 발아 전•후에 변화하는 항산화 활성과 항염 효과에 대하여 조사, 비교함으로써 새로운 화장품 소재로서의 가능성을 알아보았다. 방법: 국내산 귀리알곡을 동결 건조한 후 95% 에탄올로 추출, 건조시켜 귀리 추출물을 획득하였다. 발아 귀리 추출물은 알곡을 20℃에서 5일간 발아시킨 뒤 동일한 방법으로 준비하였다. 이렇게 획득한 귀리 및 발아 귀리 추출물을 세포 배양에 적용하여 항산화 활성, 항염 활성, 항멜라닌 활성 그리고 항노화 활성을 측정하였다. 결과: 발아 후 귀리는 발아 전 귀리에 비해 DPPH 소거활성이 112% 증가하여 2배 이상 더 높았으며, NO 생성억제 효과는 43% 증가하였다. 발아 귀리 추출물의 경우LPS로 자극받은 RAW 264.7 세포에서 Cox-2의 발현을 35%이상, 그리고 IL1-β와 IL-6의 생성은 각각 17.5%와 22%까지 감소시키는 것으로 나타나 염증 반응 관련 인자들을 효과적으로 억제하였다. 이러한 효과는 발아 과정에서 증가하는 아베난쓰라마이드 때문인 것으로 보인다. 결론: 이상의 결과로 보아 발아 귀리는 발아 전 귀리에 비해 항산화 활성이 우수하고 높은 항염 효과를 가지는것으로 보인다. 따라서 발아 귀리는 우수한 항염 효과를 나타내는 화장품 소재로 개발이 가능하다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

• 1 서진영, "평패모 추출물의 항염효과와 선천 면역반응 억제" 한국피부과학연구원 16 (16): 10-19, 2018
• 2 심중현, "제아잔틴에 의한 RAW264.7 세포에서의 항염효과" 한국피부과학연구원 17 (17): 431-439, 2019
• 3 정윤희, "더덕 껍질 추출물의 항산화 및 항염증 효과" 한국피부과학연구원 16 (16): 347-357, 2018
• 4 Agüero L, "Utilization of Avena sativa extract in dermatitis" 87 : 100-105, 2006
• 5 Liu L, "The antiatherogenic potential of oat phenolic compounds" 175 : 39-49, 2004
• 6 Greenstock CL, "Radiation and aging : free radical damage, biological response and possible antioxidant intervention" 41 : 473-482, 1993
• 7 Maydani M, "Potential health benefits of avenanthramide of oats" 67 : 731-735, 2009
• 8 Tessemaa EN, "Potential application of oat-derived ceramides in improving skin barrier function: Part 1. isolation and structural characterization" 1065-1066 : 87-95, 2017
• 9 Gutfinger T, "Polyphenols in olive oils" 58 : 966-968, 1981
• 10 Turrini E, "Overview of the anticancer profile of avenanthramides from oat" 20 : 4536-, 2019
• 11 Yang J, "In vitro total antioxidant capacity and anti-inflammatory activity of three common oat-derived avenanthramides" 160 : 338-345, 2014
• 12 Katina K, "Fermentation-induced changes in the nutritional value of native or germinated rye" 46 : 348-355, 2007
• 13 Wollenberg A, "Effects of a protein-free oat plantlet extract on microinflammation and skin barrier function in atopic dermatitis patients" 32 : 1-15, 2018
• 14 Xu J, "Dynamic changes in phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in oats (Avena nuda L.) during steeping and germination" 57 : 10392-10398, 2009
• 15 Soycan G, "Composition and content of phenolic acids and avenanthramides in commercial oat products: are oats an important polyphenol source for consumers?" 3 : 100047-, 2019
• 16 Moreno MI, "Comparison of the free radical scavenging activity of propolis from several region of Argentian" 71 : 109-114, 2000
• 17 Fowler JF Jr, "Colloidal oatmeal formulations and the treatment of atopic dermatitis" 13 : 1180-1183, 2014
• 18 Perrelli A, "Biological activities, health benefits, and therapeutic properties of avenanthramides : from skin protection to prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases" 2018 : 6015351-, 2018
• 19 Bamforth CW, "Barley: chemistry and technology" American Association of Cereal Chemists 297-354, 1993
• 20 Guo W, "Avenanthramides, polyphenols from oats, inhibit IL-1β-induced NF-κB activation in endothelial cells" 44 : 415-429, 2008
• 21 Sur R, "Avenanthramides, polyphenols from oats, exhibit antiinflammatory, anti-itch activity" 300 : 569-574, 2008
• 22 Tripathi V, "Avenanthramides of oats : medicinal importance and future perspectives" 12 : 66-71, 2018
• 23 Skoglund M, "Avenanthramide content and related enzyme activities in oats as affected by steeping and germination" 48 : 294-303, 2008
• 24 Dhakal H, "Avenanthramide C from germinated oats exhibits antiallergic inflammatory effects in mast cells" 9 : 6884-, 2019
• 25 Blois MS, "Antioxidant determinations by the use of stable free radical" 18 : 1199-1200, 1958
• 26 Kang C, "Antiinflammatory effect of avenanthramides via NF-κB pathways in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells" 117 : 30-36, 2018
• 27 Golulanan EM, "A new perspective on evaluation of medicinal plant biological activities : The correlation between phytomics and matrix metalloproteinases activities of some medicinal plants" 27 : 446-452, 2019